Deformation history of the Hengshan Complex: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen

Abstract Structural analysis indicates that the Hengshan Complex underwent five distinct episodes of deformation (D1–D5). The D1 episode formed small isoclinal folds (F1), penetrative axial planar foliations (S1) and mineral stretching lineations (L1). D1 fabrics were reworked by following D2 deformation. Associated with D2 was the development of NW-verging asymmetric folds and accompanying thrust faults. Both D1 and D2 resulted from crustal thickening and coherent with prograde and peak metamorphism. D2 deformation was followed by transpressional dextral shearing (D3), including top-to-NW oblique-slip shearing and NNE–SSW dextral strike-slip shearing. Ongoing collision led to development o…