Lukemisen ja aritmetiikan sujuvuuden kehittyminen toisen koululuokan aikana

Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin lukemisen ja aritmetiikan sujuvuutta ja niiden kehitystä toisen koululuokan aikana kolmena ajankohtana (lukukauden alussa, keskellä ja lopussa). Lukemisen sujuvuuden kehitys oli edistyvää niin sujuvilla kuin sujumattomillakin lukijoilla. Sen sijaan yhteen- ja vähennyslaskutaidon sujuvuudessa ei tapahtunut juurikaan kehitystä sujumattomilla laskijoilla, toisin kuin sujuvilla laskijoilla, joiden kehitys oli edistyvää lukukauden aikana. Tulokset tukevat oletusta aritmetiikan taitojen kehityksen Matteusvaikutuksesta, eli siitä, että lähtötasoltaan aritmetiikassa sujumattomien kehitys jää jälkeen lähtötasoltaan sujuvien laskijoiden kehityksestä. Lukutaidon taso ei sen…

Predicting Adolescents’ Physical Activity Intentions : Testing an Integrated Social Cognition Model

Abstract Background Few adolescents meet guideline levels of physical activity associated with good health, highlighting the need for intervention. Interventions promoting adolescents’ physical activity should be guided by research applying behavioral theory to identify potentially modifiable correlates and associated processes. We applied an integrated social cognition model to identify theory-based constructs and processes that relate to physical activity intentions in a secondary analysis of two samples of Finnish adolescents using a correlational design. Method Participants in the first sample (n = 455) completed self-report measures of social cognition constructs from theory of planned…

Physical activity as a protective factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review, meta-analysis and quality assessment of cohort and case–control studies

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) is associated with a decreased incidence of dementia, but much of the evidence comes from short follow-ups prone to reverse causation. This meta-analysis investigates the effect of study length on the association.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes, dose–response analysis and funnel plots were used to synthesise the results.Data sourcesCINAHL (last search 19 October 2021), PsycInfo, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (21 October 2021) and SPORTDiscus (26 October 2021).Eligibility criteriaStudies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid cognitive measure or cohort in mid-life at baseline and an estimate of the…

Additional file 1: of Using physical education to promote out-of school physical activity in lower secondary school students â a randomized controlled trial protocol

PETALS measures. Measures, data collection time points and methods in the PETALS intervention. Overview of measures, data collection time points and methods in the PETALS intervention including main outcome measure, secondary outcome measure, mediating measures, additional measures, teacher measures, parenting measures and demographic measures. (DOCX 17 kb)

Trait Self-Control, Social Cognition Constructs, and Intentions: Correlational Evidence for Mediation and Moderation Effects in Diverse Health Behaviours.

Background: We examined effects of trait self‐control, constructs from social cognition theories, and intentions on health behaviours. Trait self‐control was expected to predict health behaviour indirectly through theory constructs and intentions. Trait self‐control was also predicted to moderate the intention–behaviour relationship. Methods: Proposed effects were tested in six datasets for ten health‐related behaviours from studies adopting prospective designs. Participants (N = 3,249) completed measures of constructs from social cognition theories and self‐control at an initial time point and self‐reported their behaviour at follow‐up. Results: Results revealed indirect effects of self‐co…

Predicting change in middle school students’ leisure‐time physical activity participation: A prospective test of the trans‐contextual model

We applied the trans-contextual model (TCM) to examine the effects of middle school students’ perceived autonomy support from their physical education (PE) teachers on autonomous motivation toward PE in school and, critically, autonomous motivation toward, and actual participation in, leisure-time physical activity (PA). The research adopted a three-wave prospective design enabling the modeling of change in the TCM constructs over time. Middle school students (N = 248) aged from 12 to 16 years reported their perceived autonomy support, autonomous motivation in PE, autonomous motivation toward leisure-time PA, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), intentions for PA…

Using physical education to promote out-of school physical activity in lower secondary school students : a randomized controlled trial protocol

Background Given the documented decline in levels of physical activity in early adolescence, promoting physical activity in young people is a priority for health promotion. School physical education (PE) is an important existing network in which participation in physical activity beyond school can be promoted to the captive young people. The objective of current article is to present the protocol for a PE teacher-delivered theory-based trial to promote secondary school students’ participation in physical activity out-of-school contexts. The intervention will be guided by the trans-contextual model explaining the processes by which PE teachers’ support for autonomous motivation in the classr…

Testing a physical education-delivered autonomy supportive intervention to promote leisure-time physical activity in lower secondary school students: the PETALS trial.

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Inadequate physical activity in young people is associated with several physical and mental health concerns. Physical education (PE) is a potentially viable existing network for promoting physical activity in this population. However, little research has been conducted on whether PE teachers can influence students' engagement in leisure-time physical activity. The present study therefore examined the efficacy of an intervention aimed at increasing PE teachers' autonomy support on students' leisure-time physical activity (the PETALS trial). The intervention was guided by the trans-contextual model (TCM) explaining the processes by which PE teachers' provisio…

Lasten ja nuorten liikuntakäyttäytyminen Suomessa : LIITU-tutkimuksen tuloksia 2018

Nuorten liikuntakäyttäytyminen Suomessa : LIITU-tutkimuksen tuloksia 2020

Predicting Change in Middle School Students’ Leisure-Time Physical Activity Participation: A Prospective Test of the Trans-Contextual Model

We applied the trans-contextual model (TCM) to examine the effects of middle school students’ perceived autonomy support from their physical education (PE) teachers on autonomous motivation toward PE in school and, critically, autonomous motivation toward, and actual participation in, leisure-time physical activity (PA). The research adopted a three-wave prospective design enabling the modeling of change in the TCM constructs over time. Middle school students (N = 248) aged from 12 to 16 years reported their perceived autonomy support, autonomous motivation in PE, autonomous motivation toward leisure-time PA, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), intentions for PA…

The reasoned action approach applied to health behavior: Role of past behavior and tests of some key moderators using meta-analytic structural equation modeling.

Abstract Rationale The reasoned action approach (RAA) is a social cognitive model that outlines the determinants of intentional behavior. Primary and meta-analytic studies support RAA predictions for multiple health behaviors. However, including past behavior as a predictor in the RAA may attenuate model effects. Direct effects of past behavior on behavior may reflect non-conscious processes whereas indirect effects of past behavior through social cognitive variables may represent reasoned processes. Objective The present study extended a previous meta-analysis of the RAA by including effects of past behavior. The analysis also tested effects of candidate moderators of model predictions: be…

Liikunnanopettajien täydennyskoulutustutkimus osallisuuden ja autonomiaa tukevan opetuksen kehittämiseksi - PETALS

Liikunnanopetus on avainasemassa oppilaiden autonomisen eli omaehtoisen liikuntamotivaation edistämisessä. Tutkimus osoittaa, että autonomisesti motivoituneet ihmiset sitoutuvat tärkeänä pitämäänsä toimintaan, kuten liikuntaan ja saavuttavat muita todennäköisemmin positiivisia tuloksia pyrkimyksissään. Autonomian tukeminen liikunnanopetuksessa liittyy siihen, kuinka oppitunnit toteutetaan ja millaisen ilmapiirin opettaja tunneille luo. Tässä esitellään PETALS-tutkimus sekä siihen liittyvä liikunnanopettajien täydennyskoulutusohjelma. nonPeerReviewed

Autonomiaa tukeva liikunnanopetus

Oppilaiden psykologisia perustarpeita eli autonomiaa, kyvykkyyttä ja yhteenkuuluvuutta tukeva liikunnanopetus voi tuottaa omaehtoista ja sisäsyntyistä motivaatiota koululiikuntaa ja vapaa-ajan liikuntaa kohtaan. Perustarpeita edistävä liikunnaopetus tukee liikunnallista elämäntapaa ja siihen sitoutumista. Liikunnanopettajia voidaan kouluttaa oppilaiden perustarpeita tukeviksi, mistä hyötyvät niin oppilaat kuin opettajatkin. nonPeerReviewed

LIITU 2018 -tutkimus : liikunnan merkitysten kirjo on kaventunut

Hieman reilu kolmasosa suomalaislapsista ja -nuorista liikkui suosituksen mukaan – toimintarajoitteita kokevista joka neljäs. Lasten ja nuorten liikunnalle antamien merkitysten kirjo oli kaventunut ja esteet vahvistuneet, vaikka koettu pätevyys ja liikuntamotivaatio olivat korkealla. Suurin osa lapsista ja nuorista kannatti urheilun eettisten sääntöjen noudattamista. Säännöllinen liikkuminen oli myönteisesti yhteydessä koettuun terveyteen. Säännöllisesti liikkuvilla oli myös vähemmän yksinäisyyden kokemuksia. nonPeerReviewed