0000000001034865
AUTHOR
Almut Brand
LDHA-Associated Lactic Acid Production Blunts Tumor Immunosurveillance by T and NK Cells
Elevated lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression is associated with poor outcome in tumor patients. Here we show that LDHA-associated lactic acid accumulation in melanomas inhibits tumor surveillance by T and NK cells. In immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice, tumors with reduced lactic acid production (Ldhalow) developed significantly slower than control tumors and showed increased infiltration with IFN-γ-producing T and NK cells. However, in Rag2-/-γc-/- mice, lacking lymphocytes and NK cells, and in Ifng-/- mice, Ldhalow and control cells formed tumors at similar rates. Pathophysiological concentrations of lactic acid prevented upregulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in T and…
Design of novel artemisinin-like derivatives with cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic properties
Abstract Artemisinins are plant products with a wide range of medicinal applications. Most prominently, artesunate is a well tolerated and effective drug for treating malaria, but is also active against several protozoal and schistosomal infections, and additionally exhibits anti-angiogenic, anti-tumorigenic and anti-viral properties. The array of activities of the artemisinins, and the recent emergence of malaria resistance to artesunate, prompted us to synthesize and evaluate several novel artemisinin-like derivatives. Sixteen distinct derivatives were therefore synthesized and the in vitro cytotoxic effects of each were tested with different cell lines. The in vivo anti-angiogenic proper…