TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-22 production in the rectal mucosa of nonceliac wheat sensitivity patients: role of adaptive immunity.
In recent years, a new gluten- or wheat-related disease has emerged, a condition labeled "nonceliac gluten sensitivity" (NCGS) or "nonceliac wheat sensitivity" (NCWS). NCWS pathogenesis is still uncertain and attributed to very different mechanisms. We aimed to study the different T-lymphocyte subsets in the rectal mucosa of NCWS patients to demonstrate the possible contribution of adaptative immune response. Twelve patients (11 women, 1 man, age range 23-61 yr, median 32 yr) with a definitive diagnosis of NCWS were recruited at random for the present study. They underwent rectal endoscopy with multiple mucosal biopsies at the end of a double-blind placebo-controlled (DBPC) wheat challenge …
Comparison of Histochemical Stainings in Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis and Correlation with Transient Elastography in Chronic Hepatitis.
Background and Aim. The best staining to evaluate liver fibrosis in liver hepatitis is still a debated topic. This study aimed to compare Masson’s trichrome (MT), Sirius Red (SR), and orcein stainings in evaluating liver fibrosis in chronic HCV hepatitis (CHC) with semiquantitative and quantitative methods (Collagen Proportionate Area (CPA) by Digital Image Analysis (DIA)) and correlate them with transient elastography (TE).Methods. Liver stiffness evaluation of 111 consecutive patients with CHC was performed by TE. Semiquantitative staging by Metavir score system and CPA by DIA were assessed on liver biopsy stained with MT, SR, and orcein.Results. MT, SR, and orcein staining showed concord…
Comparison of Histochemical Staining Methods and Correlation with Transient Elastography in Acute Hepatitis.
<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To compare Masson's trichrome (MT), Sirius red (SR) and orcein staining in acute hepatitis (AH) and to correlate them with<b> </b>transient elastography (TE),<b> </b>a noninvasive method to assess hepatic fibrosis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We evaluated liver stiffness by TE in a cohort of 34 consecutive patients and assessed MT-, SR- and orcein-stained biopsies using the METAVIR scoring system and digital image analysis (DIA). <b><i>Results:</i></b> MT and SR both showed severe fibrosis (stage III-IV, DIA = 12.7%). Orcein showed absent or mild fibrosis (stage 0-II, DIA = 4.…
Immunoistochemical expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in bone marrow biopsies of patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Background. Haematological and non-haematological malignancies are able to escape the host immune by the capacity to hijack the immune check-points. Several immune check-point molecules are known, such as T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T-cell antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1) with its ligand PD-L1 and others.1 The function of these immune check-points is to prevent the damage resulting from an excessive activation of the immune response in the setting of chronic antigenic stimulation, thus leading to autoimmune phenomena, as proved in knock-out mice models. PD-1 is normally present on activated T lymphocytes membrane, acting as a negative costimulatory receptor…