0000000001057053
AUTHOR
P. Schramek
Urolithiasis Following Portacaval Shunt in Rats
A reliable technique for a portacaval anastomosis (PCA) in rats was first published by Lee and Fisher 1961. Since then the biological and biochemical consequences have been studied extensively in numerous investigations. The occurrence of a urolithiasis following PCA was first reported by Herz et al. 1972. Disturbances of uric acid metabolism that were caused by the shunt were thought to be responsible. They should lead to an increased production of endogenous uric acid and thus to hyperuricosuria. Investigations that were published since then mainly focused on chemical stone analysis (Bichler et al. 1974; Rasenack et al. 1977; Wallace et al. 1984).
Development of Bladder Carcinoma Following Portacaval Shunt in Rats
Portacaval anastomosis (PCA) was first introduced by Eck (1877) and was investigated in a number of different animals. Lee et al. (1961; 1974) published a reliable method with low mortality in rats. The occurrence of urolithiasis in rats following portacaval anastomosis happened to be noticed by chance. It was published by Herz et al. (1972a, 1972b, 1973), who defined the portacaval shunt rat as an experimental model. Heine et al. (1979) described dysplastic and neoplastic changes of the bladder mucosa following portacaval anastomosis. His findings were confirmed by Duy et al. (1981); Grun et al. (1982), and Dubuisson et al. (1984). However, Wallace et al. (1984) found papillary hyperplasia…