A butterfly like motion as a clue to the photophysics of thioxanthone

Abstract A theoretical, quantum-chemical study of the thioxanthone (TX) molecule has been performed at the MP2 and CASPT2 levels of theory. Geometries, absorption energies, and transition and state properties have been investigated. Two conformers have been found very close in energy with planar (P) and non-planar (NP) structures, the latter characterized by a dihedral angle θ  = 173.3° representing the bend of the side benzene rings and an out-of-plane angle ϕ  = 4° of the C O bond. Large changes in the relative positions and properties of the two low-lying electronic absorption bands, ππ * and nπ * , are computed when changing the conformation. As a consequence of the analysis of the TX a…