0000000001184976
AUTHOR
Outi Niininen
Brexit : Public Relations Campaign with Integrated Social Media Changed Political World
Both the 2016 US election of President Trump and the outcome of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union Membership Referendum, in favour of the Vote Leave campaign, are frequently given as examples to illustrate the power of micro-targeting in PR campaigns. Harvesting data to profile audiences has made it possible to identify people who are likely to be especially receptive to particular ways of framing issues. It is allowing political campaigns with sufficient funding to buy access to many discrete audiences through Social Media (SM), and it is making it possible to develop psychological profiles to send tailored messages, designed as powerful triggers, to people who are judged to be potent…
Future Trends in Social Media and Public Relations
Public relations (PR) focuses on storytelling by creating newsworthy content that will be communicated to target audiences. However, because social media has empowered individual consumers to an unprecedented level, we are no longer passive consumers of stories and some consumers have even reached influencer status where their opinions carry great authority. In the future, PR stories will shape global culture, but the Covid-19 pandemic has also alerted us to the damage caused by deliberate misinformation (e.g. the anti-vaccination movement). The digital environment — especially where PR now operates — is changing rapidly; artificial intelligence and machine learning are assisting corporatio…
User experience of an e-commerce website : a case study
User Experience (UX) is extremely important for e-commerce websites and their commercial success. The goal of an e-commerce website is to generate sales and increase customer satisfaction, which is why helping users reach their goals efficiently and effortlessly is an essential part of the online customer journey. A well-designed website improves UX and guides the user towards taking the desired actions, which facilitate a smooth online customer journey. This chapter examines how UX contributes to the online customer journey on an e-commerce website and how the pragmatic and hedonic qualities of the website can meet user needs. By applying the cognitive walkthrough method and a UX questionn…
Consumer biases in the perception of organizational greed
This article extends current models of how consumers judge or perceive organizations as greedy by employing the theoretical framework of motivated moral reasoning. We show that inherent features of an organization (size and “black sheep” status) and its behavior (relative frequency) bias consumer perceptions of organizational greed. We use an experimental methodology, present subjects with vignettes describing different scenarios, validate our questionnaire using confirmatory factor analysis, and test our hypotheses by employing a general linear model with covariates. Our findings suggest that consumer perceptions of organizational greed are subject to three effects: the underdog effect (St…
GDPR guidelines for academic research in marketing
The European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has changed the level of rigour with which academics need to approach designing and executing research involving the collection of personal data. While the required care resembles that which is required by an Institutional Review Board, the particular areas on which researchers need to focus differ, and this is partly due to the nature of the data used when investigating how consumers interact with the marketing environment. In this chapter, the authors draw on their expertise in academic and commercial marketing research to propose a seven-step approach to designing GDPR-compliant research and provide an overview of the procedura…
Conclusions
The five sections of this book covered some key trends evident in the Digital Marketing (DM) and Communication field: Data analytics and measurement, Digital transformation and innovations in marketing, Customer experience and (the merging of digital and physical) servicescapes, Ethics and privacy in digital marketing, and Future for digital marketing communications and Conclusions relevant to DM. nonPeerReviewed
Introduction
Digital Marketing (DM) and Communication is a quickly advancing field, where changes are fuelled by technological development or disruptions and consumer demand. This book highlights the latest trends in DM to complement current learning materials and emphasises that the best marketing results occur when DM is integrated into the overall marketing activities of a firm, given that consumers do not necessarily view a brand’s presence online as separate from their brick-and-mortar operations. nonPeerReviewed
Simultaneous Support for and Opposition to Brands : A Study on Brand Love and Hate - the Two Poles of Brand Polarisation
This chapter discusses the drivers of brand polarisation (i.e. simultaneously loving and hating a brand). Despite its relevance for brand managers and public relations executives, brand polarisation remains heavily understudied among scholars. This study addresses the focal phenomenon by examining consumers and the role of social media within the research context. The key theoretical concepts introduced in this chapter include brand polarisation, brand attitude, brand relationships, brand love, brand hate, brand experience and social media brand communities. Using ten in-depth, semi-structured interviews, 36 loved and/or hated brands were discussed by the study participants. The findings de…
Understanding Big Data and its application in the digital marketing landscape
This chapter outlines the increasing prominence of Big Data and its application to marketing practice. The 8Ps of the Expanded Marketing Mix: Product, Price, Place, Promotion, Process, Physical evidence, Partnerships and People are applied as the lens in explaining the application of Big Data in contemporary marketing practice. Big Data is already guiding marketing decision-making at multiple levels, from analysing consumer buying behaviour to Internet-of-Things (IoT)-enabled devices that report on product use conditions, service requirements or processing data from manufacturing. In the future, Artificial Intelligence will become important in handling Big Data. In preparation for this, the…
Future look : Communicating with customers using digital channels
Digital Marketing is a fast-moving field, and the future of Digital Marketing Communication is multifaceted. Communication with customers can be based on either their current geographical location, their past online behaviour or their actions across various social media platforms. Communications can vary from one-to-one to many-to-many with varying types of digital technology used to facilitate it. The focus of Digital Marketing is to deliver smooth, effortless and enjoyable experiences to customers no matter their location. Existing digital services will be enhanced by greater use of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and automation. Analytics, when combined with location-based services, wi…
Fridays for Future Wants to Save the World : But What Do People Think about the Movement?
Fridays for Future is a movement initiated by Greta Thunberg designed to alert millions around the globe that we are amid a climate crisis by organising Friday protests. Led by Greta Thunberg, Fridays for Future has generated a lot of press in recent years: Greta has been listed among the World’s 100 Most Powerful Women as well as being twice nominated for the Nobel Prize. Greta was also named Time Magazine Person of the Year 2019. While her cause may be noble, many criticise the Fridays for Future movement—others simply do not believe in its global warming message. Twitter is a powerful electronic word of mouth (eWOM) platform, which, as a form of peer-to-peer communication, has the power …