0000000001205738
AUTHOR
Lucie Mahaut
The DISCO-WEED project : disentangling the role of anthropic DISturbances and eCOlogical processes on WEED community assembly
EAGESTADINRA; The DISCO-WEED project : disentangling the role of anthropic DISturbances and eCOlogical processes on WEED community assembly. Sfécologie-2016, International Conference of Ecological Sciences
Weed cohort succession as a main driver of weed diversity dynamic throughout winter cereal cropping season in both presence and absence of crop species
EAGESTAD INRA; Ecological succession theory predicts that soon after disturbance, community diversity results from species colonization while competitive interaction plays an increasing influential with time since disturbance. While weeds species in arable fields face frequent disturbances, they also face intense competition for light as they are over-dominated by the crop species. Thus, both colonization and competition may shape weeds community diversity in arable fields. Using a semi-experimental approach, we analysis the evolution of weed diversity throughout time in 56 winter cereal cropping seasons. We use the crop sowing date as proxy of the last disturbance. We predict that in the a…
Temporal dynamics of arable weeds communities assembly : interactions between farming practices and ecological processes across crop sequences
Understanding how farming practices affect weed community assembly in arable fields is a core challenge of agro-ecology. Weeds are supposed to share particular ecological characteristics that allow them to colonize arable fields despite environmental constrains exert by farming practices. In addition, interactions between ecological processes operating during a cropping season (eg: abiotic filtering) and at the scale of crop succession (eg: temporal dispersal) are supposed to drive weed community assembly in arable fields. These two hypotheses have been tested in my phD work.First, we compared a pool of weed species to a pool of non-weed herbaceous plants based on several functional traits …
Spatial and temporal presence of grasslands maintain local weed diversity thanks to spatio-temporal dispersal process
EAGESTADINRA; In frequently disturbed environments, plant community assembly mainly results from spatial dispersal and temporal dispersal through seed bank. Here, we propose to quantify the relative contributions of temporal and spatial dispersal on weed species assembly in farmlands. Weeds are mostly annual plants that rely exclusively on seeds for perpetuation, the latter presenting various level of longevity and dispersal capacity according to the species. In farmland, arable fields surrounded by landscape with high proportion of grasslands harbor high level of weed diversity revealing important dispersal flux. Similarly, the presence of grasslands in the past history (i.e crop successio…
Is the effect of grassland on weed diversity similar when present in the landscape or in the crop succession?
EAGESTADINRA; Spatio-temporal seed dispersal is a major process in structuring annual plant communites. However, few emipirical studies have quantified the relative contribution of seed dormancy and seed dispersal on annual plant diversity. In agroecosystems, weeds which are mostly annual species producing dormant seeds can be found both in annual row crops and in semi-natural habitats such as grasslands (fig. 1). Spatial mass effect from grasslands to annual crops have been reported to support weed diversity in annual crops. Similarly, the presence of grasslands in crop successions increases weed diversity in the following annual crops. Both temporal and spatial dispersal from grasslands m…