0000000001254954
AUTHOR
Oz Barazani
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
SSR markers used, their expected size range, repeated motives and number of alleles found in naturally growing olive populations. Raw microsatellite data is available and enclosed as Additional file 2: Table S2. (PDF 188 kb)
Environmental effects on molecular and phenotypic variation in populations of Eruca sativa across a steep climatic gradient
Abstract In Israel Eruca sativa has a geographically narrow distribution across a steep climatic gradient that ranges from mesic Mediterranean to hot desert environments. These conditions offer an opportunity to study the influence of the environment on intraspecific genetic variation. For this, we combined an analysis of neutral genetic markers with a phenotypic evaluation in common-garden experiments, and environmental characterization of populations that included climatic and edaphic parameters, as well as geographic distribution. A Bayesian clustering of individuals from nine representative populations based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) divided the populations into a…
Additional file 5: Figure S2. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
â K values for the different Ks were calculated according to Evanno et al. [56], showing that K = 3 is the optimal K for the Structure analysis. (PDF 69 kb)
Additional file 4: Figure S1. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
Number of private alleles per locus in combinations of populations. A to D present values for the combination of two to five populations (treating scions and suckers of old olive trees as populations). (PDF 217 kb)
Additional file 6: Figure S3. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
Location of populations of naturally growing olives analyzed in this study and of groves of cultivated old olive trees sampled in our previous study (Barazani et al. [33]). (PDF 79 kb)
Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
Background Naturally growing populations of olive trees are found in the Mediterranean garrigue and maquis in Israel. Here, we used the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) genetic marker technique to investigate whether these represent wild var. sylvestris. Leaf samples were collected from a total of 205 trees at six sites of naturally growing olive populations in Israel. The genetic analysis included a multi-locus lineage (MLL) analysis, Rousset’s genetic distances, Fst values, private alleles, other diversity values and a Structure analysis. The analyses also included scions and suckers of old cultivated olive trees, for which the dominance of one clone in scions (MLL1) and a second in suckers (…
Soil seed bank and among-years genetic diversity in arid populations of Eruca sativa Miller (Brassicaceae)
Abstract Populations of Eruca sativa from arid environments exhibit greater physiological dormancy than those that originated in more favorable ones. We tested the possible relative contribution of the soil seed bank (SSB) to the aboveground cohorts in desert and semiarid populations. Seedlings that emerged from the SSB under controlled irrigation were distinguished from those that emerged after exposure of the remaining ungerminated SSB to gibberellic acid as constituting non-dormant and dormant SSBs, respectively. On average, the total SSB was significantly larger in the semiarid than in the desert population. In both sites, the aboveground and SSB cohorts exhibited closely similar geneti…
A comparative analysis of genetic variation in rootstocks and scions of old olive trees – a window into the history of olive cultivation practices and past genetic variation
Background Past clonal propagation of olive trees is intimately linked to grafting. However, evidence on grafting in ancient trees is scarce, and not much is known about the source of plant material used for rootstocks. Here, the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker technique was used to study genetic diversity of rootstocks and scions in ancient olive trees from the Levant and its implications for past cultivation of olives. Leaf samples were collected from tree canopies (scions) and shoots growing from the trunk base (suckers). A total of 310 trees were sampled in 32 groves and analyzed with 14 SSR markers. Results In 82.7% of the trees in which both scion and suckers could be genotyped, t…
Drought tolerance of three olive cultivars alternatively selected for rain fed or intensive cultivation
Abstract Physiological drought response was evaluated for two olive cultivars commonly grown under rain fed conditions (‘Souri’ and ‘Picual’) and another selected for intensive, irrigated cultivation (‘Barnea’). ‘Souri’ is a traditional local Israeli cultivar, ‘Picual’ originated in Spain and ‘Barnea’ is a modern Israeli cultivar. Trees in pots were alternatively provided well irrigated conditions (100% FC, field capacity) or allowed to dry, first to 33% FC and then to 10% FC. Under conditions of greatest water availability, the ‘Barnea’ cultivar had the highest stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis, significantly higher than that found in ‘Souri’. Stomatal conductance and leaf water …
Testing the potential significance of different scion/rootstock genotype combinations on the ecology of old cultivated olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area
Background A previous multi-locus lineage (MLL) analysis of SSR-microsatellite data of old olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area had shown the predominance of the Souri cultivar (MLL1) among grafted trees. The MLL analysis had also identified an MLL (MLL7) that was more common among rootstocks than other MLLs. We here present a comparison of the MLL combinations MLL1 (scion)/MLL7 (rootstock) and MLL1/MLL1 in order to investigate the possible influence of rootstock on scion phenotype. Results A linear regression analysis demonstrated that the abundance of MLL1/MLL7 trees decreases and of MLL1/MLL1 trees increases along a gradient of increasing aridity. Hypothesizing that grafting o…
Local old olive landrace varieties in Israel—Valuable plant genetic resources in olive cultivation
It is assumed that the cultivation of olive trees started in the East Mediterranean in the third millennia BCE. Throughout history and until recently, successful olive clones were maintained vegetatively and were grafted either on seedlings or on spheroblasts removed from the base of the trunk. It therefore can be hypothesized that local old olive trees, older than 500 years might represent an ancient gene pool. Modern terminology categorizes local genotypes into four main variety groups. However, in traditional terminology these were further differentiated into 27 cultivars according to their phenotypic traits. This genetic diversity, along with the fact that olive trees have been cultivat…
MOESM3 of Testing the potential significance of different scion/rootstock genotype combinations on the ecology of old cultivated olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area
Additional file 3. Results of the model-selection procedure.
MOESM1 of Testing the potential significance of different scion/rootstock genotype combinations on the ecology of old cultivated olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area
Additional file 1: Figure S1. Box plot comparisons of phenotypic traits in old olive trees of the MLL1/MLL7 (GG1) and MLL1/MLL1 (GG2) scion/sucker combinations. Traits included the oil content in the fruits, waste water content obtained in the oil extraction process, four oil quality characteristics and three morphological properties of the fruits and stones.
Additional file 3: Table S3. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
Number of olive trees assigned to different multi-locus lineages (MLLs). (XLSX 18 kb)
Additional file 2: Table S2. of Genetic variation of naturally growing olive trees in Israel: from abandoned groves to feral and wild?
Raw microsatellite data. The fragment sizes (in base pairs) of the two alleles per individual for each locus are given as a and b (0 represents missing data). (XLSX 38 kb)
MOESM2 of Testing the potential significance of different scion/rootstock genotype combinations on the ecology of old cultivated olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area
Additional file 2: Table S1. Quantitative phenotypic data for each tree belonging to GG1 and GG2; md represent missing data.