Effect of aerobic exercise and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet on glucose tolerance and android/gynoid fat in overweight/obese women: A randomized con…

2023

The study was designed to compare the effects of weight loss induced by a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet or a normal diet, with and without exercise, on glucose tolerance measured as area under the curve (AUC), and android (A) and gynoid (G) fat distribution. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov; NCT04100356. In total, 57 women classified as overweight or obese (age 40 ± 3.5 years, body mass index 31.1 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were randomly assigned and completed a 10-week intervention using a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet or a normal diet, with or without aerobic interval exercise. An equal deficit of 700 kcal/day was prescribed, either restricting the diet only, or moderately restricting d…

Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolerance, plasma amino aci…

2021

Abstract Objective In this 7-day pilot study we randomized healthy, normal-weight men and women to either a dietary intervention with methionine and cysteine restriction enriched in PUFA (Met/Cyslow + PUFA, n = 7) or with high contents of methionine, cysteine and SFA (Met/Cyshigh + SFA, n = 7). The objective was to describe the short-term responses in oral glucose tolerance, amino acid profile, total fatty acid profile, pyruvate and lactate following a Met/Cyslow + PUFA diet vs. Met/Cyshigh + SFA. Results The diet groups consisted of five women and two men, aged 20–38 years. After the 7-d intervention median pre- and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose concentrations were 5 mmol…

Sulfur amino acid restriction, energy metabolism and obesity

2021

Abstract Background Dietary sulfur amino acid (SAA) restriction is an established animal model for increasing lifespan and improving metabolic health. Data from human studies are limited. In the study outlined in this protocol, we will evaluate if dietary SAA restriction can reduce body weight and improve resting energy expenditure (REE) and parameters related to metabolic health. Method/design Men and women (calculated sample size = 60), aged 18–45 years, with body mass index of 27–35 kg/m2 will be included in a double-blind 8-week dietary intervention study. The participants will be randomized in a 1:1 manner to a diet with either low or high SAA. Both groups will receive an equal base di…

Overweight, obesity, and thinness among a nationally representative sample of Norwegian adolescents and changes from childhood: Associations with sex…

2021

Objective To estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and thinness among Norwegian 13-year-olds and the changes from childhood (age 8 years) to adolescence (age 13 years); and to explore associations with sex, region, and population density from childhood to adolescence. Design We used longitudinal, anthropometric data collected by school health nurses conducted in Norway. Weight status was classified according to the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs for overweight, obesity, and thinness, and according to mean body mass index (kg/m2). Participants The Norwegian Youth Growth Study, consisting of a nationally representative sample of Norwegian 13-year-olds (n = 1852; 50.7% gi…

The effects of an abrupt increase in taxes on candy and soda in Norway: an observational study of retail sales

2020

Abstract Background Fiscal policies are used to promote a healthier diet; however, there is still a call for real-world evaluations of taxes on unhealthy foods and beverages. We aimed to evaluate the effect of an abrupt increase, of respectively 80 and 40%, in the excising Norwegian taxes on candy and beverages on volume sales of candy and soda. We expected sales to fall. Methods We analyzed electronic point of sale data covering approximately 98% of volume sales of grocery stores in Norway. In two pre-registered models with weekly (log-)sales of taxed candy and soda from 3884 individual stores, we modeled the difference between the jump (discontinuity) in the trend around the time of the i…

A nationwide school fruit and vegetable policy and childhood and adolescent overweight: A quasi-natural experimental study

2022

Background School free fruit and vegetable (FFV) policies are used to promote healthy dietary habits and tackle obesity; however, our understanding of their effects on weight outcomes is limited. We assess the effect of a nationwide FFV policy on childhood and adolescent weight status and explore heterogeneity by sex and socioeconomic position. Methods and findings This study used a quasi-natural experimental design. Between 2007 and 2014, Norwegian combined schools (grades 1–10, age 6 to 16 years) were obligated to provide FFVs while elementary schools (grades 1–7) were not. We used 4 nationwide studies (n = 11,215 children) from the Norwegian Growth Cohort with longitudinal or cross-secti…

Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet and Exercise: Effect of a 10-Week Intervention on Body Composition and CVD Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Women—…

2020

We assessed the effect of weight-loss induced with a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet with and without exercise, on body-composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 57 overweight and obese women (age 40 &plusmn

A comprehensive multicomponent school-based educational intervention did not affect fruit and vegetable intake at the 14-year follow-up

2019

Abstract The intake of fruit and vegetables is associated with beneficial health outcomes, and studies aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake lack long-term follow-up. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term (14-year) effects of a multicomponent school-based educational intervention targeted to increase fruit and vegetable intake in children. The secondary objective was to evaluate the potential synergistic effect between free school fruit and the educational program. A cluster randomized school-based intervention was initiated in 2001 in Norway, known as the Fruit and Vegetable Make the Marks study. In total, 38 schools were randomized; for the interventio…

Combining Dietary Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake in Humans: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

2018

Dietary and plasma total cysteine (tCys) have been associated with adiposity, possibly through interaction with stearoyl&ndash

The Norwegian industry-led scheme restricting marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to children

2020

Abstract Issue The Norwegian food industry has implemented a self-regulatory scheme to restrict the marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children under the age of 13 years. In the period 2014-2019, the scheme has treated 77 complaints and made 126 assessments of planned marketing campaigns. Description The aim of the evaluation was to explore perceptions of the scheme through interviews with stakeholders from the industry, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and health authorities. Further, a survey among parents (n = 1117) with children under the age of 16 years was completed to map opinions on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children. Results The stakeholders had…

Additional file 2 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 2: Contains a figure of the participant flow.

Additional file 4 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 4: Contains descriptive statistics of the measured metabolites.

Additional file 1 of Sulfur amino acid restriction, energy metabolism and obesity: a study protocol of an 8-week randomized controlled dietary interv…

2021

Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist 2013: Recommended items to address in clinical trial protocol and related documents*.

Additional file 5 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 5: Contains a figure illustrating the data on pyruvate and lactate.

Additional file 2 of Sulfur amino acid restriction, energy metabolism and obesity: a study protocol of an 8-week randomized controlled dietary interv…

2021

Additional file 2. The informed consent letter (in Norwegian).

Additional file 3 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 3: Contains baseline table of the study population.

Evaluations of school-based and fiscal efforts on diet-related behaviors and weight, emphasizing fruit, vegetables, candy, and soda

2022

Additional file 1 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 1: Contains a typical daily menu and the nutrient contents of the diets.

Additional file 6 of Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolera…

2021

Additional file 6: CONSORT checklist.

Additional file 1 of The effects of an abrupt increase in taxes on candy and soda in Norway: an observational study of retail sales

2020

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Weeks included in the main analysis, excluding the weeks with high variability sales. Supplementary Table S2. Exponentiated regression coefficients [95% CI], main analyses. Supplementary Text S3. Categorization of high cross-border municipalities. Supplementary Text S4. Analyses excluding high cross-border municipalities. Supplementary Table S5. Exponentiated regression coefficients [95% CI], excluding cross-border municipalities. Supplementary Table S6. Exponentiated regression coefficients [95% CI], 12-week exclusion around the cutoff. Supplementary Table S7. Exponentiated regression coefficients [95% CI], additional control seasons. Supplementa…

Additional file 3 of Sulfur amino acid restriction, energy metabolism and obesity: a study protocol of an 8-week randomized controlled dietary interv…

2021

Additional file 3. Design file for power calculations.