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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Subclinical executive function impairment in children with asymptomatic, treated phenylketonuria: A comparison with children with immunodeficiency virus
Vincenza TarantinoGiovanni MentoPatrizia BisiacchiAlberto Burlinasubject
Malecongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPhenylketonuriasprefrontal lobeCognitive NeurosciencephenylketonuriaExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyNeuropsychological TestsAsymptomatic050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychologySettore M-PSI/04 - Psicologia Dello Sviluppo E Psicologia Dell'Educazione03 medical and health sciencesExecutive Function0302 clinical medicineArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)PhenylketonuriasmedicineDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyVerbal fluency testHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesNeuropsychological assessmentChildSubclinical infectionSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia Fisiologicamedicine.diagnostic_testWorking memory05 social sciencesNeuropsychologynutritional and metabolic diseasesHIVHIV phenylketonuria executive functions prefrontal lobe.Executive functionsexecutive functionsNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyFemalemedicine.symptomexecutive functions; HIV; phenylketonuria; prefrontal lobe; Adolescent; Child; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Phenylketonurias; Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology; Experimental and Cognitive Psychology; Developmental and Educational Psychology; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous); Cognitive NeurosciencePsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgerydescription
In this study we compared the neuropsychological profile of phenylketonuria (PKU) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to examine the specificity of the executive function (EF) impairment reported in these two patologies. A total of 55 age-matched children and adolescents were assessed, including 11 patients with PKU, 16 patients with HIV and 28 healthy controls, underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Although neither the PKU nor the HIV group scored below the normative ranges, both groups showed lower scores in neuropsychological tests engaging EFs than controls. In addition, compared to patients with PKU the HIV group performed significantly worse in the Trail-Making Test A, Corsi Span and Verbal Fluency. These findings suggest that EF impairments in PKU (a) are limited to EFs (i.e., working memory and attentional shifting), (b) are not simply due to generalized processing speed deficits and (c) overlap partially with EF impairments found in a chronic medical developmental disorder.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-01-01 |