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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Short-Term Adaptation to Stress and Task-Demands: Covariation of Psychological and Physiological Manifestations

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Energetic aspects of adaptation to stress and task demands are reflected in autonomic and somatic nervous system (ANS/SNS) changes (see, eg Lyytinen, 1985). Related psychophysiological individual differences have been illustrated widely in the literature. The reported differences have varied from constitutional ones, like temperament (see, for recent references Nebylitsyn, 1972; Strelau, 1983), via dispositions/traits (Eysenck, 1983) and tonic states (Fahrenberg, Walschburger, Forster, Myrtek and Muller, 1983) to situation-dependent individual differences (eg research on type A; Contrada, Wright and Glass, 1984). The present paper argues that experimential and situational factors are important modulators of the individual psychophysiological response tendencies. Corresponding factors have been studied earlier, eg in terms of perceived difficulty (Brehm, Wright, Solomon, Silka & Greenberg, 1983), and situational specificity (Lacey, Kagan, Lacey & Moss, 1963).