Decreasing dietary linoleic acid promotes long chain omega-3 fatty acid incorporation into rat retina and modifies gene expression

6533b7d2fe1ef96bd125f771

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Decreasing dietary linoleic acid promotes long chain omega-3 fatty acid incorporation into rat retina and modifies gene expression

Stéphane Grégoire Lionel Bretillon Catherine Creuzot-garcher Niyazi Acar Bertrand Bardet Emilie Simon Alain M. Bron

subject

CD36 Antigens Male MESH : RNA Messenger MESH: 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins MESH : Receptors LDL MESH: Electroretinography 0302 clinical medicine MESH: Fatty Acids Omega-3 MESH: Animals MESH : Retinal Ganglion Cells chemistry.chemical_classification 0303 health sciences MESH : Gene Expression Regulation MESH : Electroretinography MESH: Retina MESH: Chromatography Gas MESH: Dietary Fats Unsaturated docosahexaenoic acid polyunsaturated fatty acid Sensory Systems 3. Good health nutrition MESH: Photic Stimulation Adipose Tissue MESH: Adipose Tissue medicine.medical_specialty Chromatography Gas macular degeneration Linoleic acid MESH : Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase MESH : Adipose Tissue MESH: Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase pufa 03 medical and health sciences MESH : Dietary Fats Unsaturated lipid Electroretinography Rats Long-Evans RNA Messenger MESH: Linoleic Acid MESH: Antigens CD36 MESH : Retina Fatty acid MESH: Retinal Ganglion Cells eye diseases Ophthalmology Endocrinology chemistry MESH: Receptors LDL 030221 ophthalmology & optometry ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters n 3 MESH: Female Photic Stimulation MESH: Liver Retinal Ganglion Cells retina MESH : 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins genetic structures [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition retinal pigment epithelium electroretinogram MESH : Photic Stimulation Adipose tissue angiogenesis chemistry.chemical_compound MESH : Female MESH : Rats Long-Evans 2. Zero hunger medicine.diagnostic_test MESH : Rats MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction MESH: Gene Expression Regulation MESH : Antigens CD36 medicine.anatomical_structure Liver ALOX12 Biochemistry MESH: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Female ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 Polyunsaturated fatty acid MESH : Fatty Acids Omega-3 MESH: Rats brain MESH : Male 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins MESH : Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction rhesus monkey Biology Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction MESH : Chromatography Gas Linoleic Acid Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Dietary Fats Unsaturated MESH : Linoleic Acid MESH: Rats Long-Evans Internal medicine Fatty Acids Omega-3 medicine Animals MESH : ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Omega 3 fatty acid MESH: RNA Messenger 030304 developmental biology deficient diet Retinal pigment epithelium MESH : Liver MESH: Male Rats Gene Expression Regulation Receptors LDL gene expression MESH : Animals sense organs [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition Electroretinography

description

International audience; Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may be partially prevented by dietary habits privileging the consumption of ω3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3s) while lowering linoleic acid (LA) intake. The present study aimed to document whether following these epidemiological guidelines would enrich the neurosensory retina and RPE with ω3s and modulate gene expression in the neurosensory retina. Rat progenitors and pups were fed with diets containing low or high LA, and low or high ω3s. After scotopic single flash and 8-Hz-Flicker electroretinography, rat pups were euthanized at adulthood. The fatty acid profile of the neurosensory retina, RPE, liver, adipose tissue and plasma was analyzed using gas chromatography. Gene expression was analyzed with real-time PCR in the neurosensory retina. Diets rich in ω3s efficiently improved the incorporation of ω3s into the organs and tissues. This raising effect was magnified by lowering LA intake. Compared to a diet with high LA and low ω3s, low LA diets significantly upregulated LDL-receptor gene expression. Similar but not significant upregulation of CD36, ABCA1, ALOX5 and ALOX12 gene expression was observed in rats fed with low LA. No effect was observed on retinal function. Increasing the intake in ω3s and lowering LA improved the enrichment with ω3s of the tissues, including the neurosensory retina and RPE, and upregulated genes involved in lipid trafficking in the neurosensory retina. Those results consistently reinforced the beneficial role of ω3s in the prevention of AMD, especially when the diet contained low levels of LA, as suggested from epidemiological data.

year	journal	country	edition	language
2011-11-01	Experimental Eye Research

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2011.07.016