6533b7d2fe1ef96bd125f77e
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Salmonella bongori Provides Insights into the Evolution of the Salmonellae
Gunnar N. SchroederGad FrankelRobert A. KingsleyThomas R. ConnorDuncan J. MaskellPaul A. BarrowCarlos J. BlondelGordon DouganHelena M. B. Seth-smithCarlos A. SantiviagoCaterina MamminaGeorgios S. VernikosNicholas R. ThomsonMandy SandersMark RobertsAntonino NastasiNicola K. PettySean Paul NuccioGemma C. LangridgeJulian ParkhillKeith S. RobinsonAndreas J. BäumlerTom J. HumphreyInés ContrerasMaria Fookessubject
Salmonellamedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataTranslocation GeneticEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli1108 Medical MicrobiologySalmonellaCOMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCEIII SECRETION SYSTEMBiology (General)PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 2PhylogenyGenetics0303 health sciencesbiologyVirulenceEffectorPARASITOLOGYENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUMSalmonella entericaGenomicsSalmonella bongori evolutionary genomicsBiological EvolutionUREIDOGLYCOLLATE LYASEInfectious DiseasesSalmonella enterica1107 ImmunologyQR180MedicineKLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAELife Sciences & BiomedicineResearch Article0605 MicrobiologySalmonella bongoriMICROBIOLOGYESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12Genomic IslandsQH301-705.5Sequence analysisVirulence FactorsImmunologyVirulenceVIROLOGYENCODED EFFECTORsalmonella; salmonella bongori; evoluzione geneticaMicrobiologyQH30103 medical and health sciencesVirologyGeneticsmedicineMICROARRAY ANALYSISAnimalsHumansEnteropathogenic Escherichia coliBiologyMolecular BiologyGene030304 developmental biologyEvolutionary BiologyScience & Technology030306 microbiologyANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCESequence Analysis DNARC581-607biology.organism_classificationGenes BacterialImmunologic diseases. Allergydescription
The genus Salmonella contains two species, S. bongori and S. enterica. Compared to the well-studied S. enterica there is a marked lack of information regarding the genetic makeup and diversity of S. bongori. S. bongori has been found predominantly associated with cold-blooded animals, but it can infect humans. To define the phylogeny of this species, and compare it to S. enterica, we have sequenced 28 isolates representing most of the known diversity of S. bongori. This cross-species analysis allowed us to confidently differentiate ancestral functions from those acquired following speciation, which include both metabolic and virulence-associated capacities. We show that, although S. bongori inherited a basic set of Salmonella common virulence functions, it has subsequently elaborated on this in a different direction to S. enterica. It is an established feature of S. enterica evolution that the acquisition of the type III secretion systems (T3SS-1 and T3SS-2) has been followed by the sequential acquisition of genes encoding secreted targets, termed effectors proteins. We show that this is also true of S. bongori, which has acquired an array of novel effector proteins (sboA-L). All but two of these effectors have no significant S. enterica homologues and instead are highly similar to those found in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Remarkably, SboH is found to be a chimeric effector protein, encoded by a fusion of the T3SS-1 effector gene sopA and a gene highly similar to the EPEC effector nleH from enteropathogenic E. coli. We demonstrate that representatives of these new effectors are translocated and that SboH, similarly to NleH, blocks intrinsic apoptotic pathways while being targeted to the mitochondria by the SopA part of the fusion. This work suggests that S. bongori has inherited the ancestral Salmonella virulence gene set, but has adapted by incorporating virulence determinants that resemble those employed by EPEC.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-08-01 |