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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Direct Visualization of the Conformational Dynamics of Single Influenza Hemagglutinin Trimers

Ramesh GovindanDibyendu Kumar DasFlorian KrammerJames B. MunroEdward A. LemkeIvana Nikić-spiegel

subject

0301 basic medicineProtein ConformationHemagglutinin (influenza)Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins Influenza VirusBiologyArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyReaction coordinate03 medical and health sciencesViral envelopeInfluenza HumanFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferHumansDynamic equilibriumFusionCell MembraneLipid bilayer fusionHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationVirus InternalizationSingle Molecule ImagingHEK293 CellsHemagglutinins030104 developmental biologyMembraneFörster resonance energy transferA549 CellsInfluenza A virusBiophysicsbiology.proteinProtein Binding

description

Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is the canonical type I viral envelope glycoprotein and provides a template for the membrane-fusion mechanisms of numerous viruses. The current model of HA-mediated membrane fusion describes a static "spring-loaded" fusion domain (HA2) at neutral pH. Acidic pH triggers a singular irreversible conformational rearrangement in HA2 that fuses viral and cellular membranes. Here, using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET)-imaging, we directly visualized pH-triggered conformational changes of HA trimers on the viral surface. Our analyses reveal reversible exchange between the pre-fusion and two intermediate conformations of HA2. Acidification of pH and receptor binding shifts the dynamic equilibrium of HA2 in favor of forward progression along the membrane-fusion reaction coordinate. Interaction with the target membrane promotes irreversible transition of HA2 to the post-fusion state. The reversibility of HA2 conformation may protect against transition to the post-fusion state prior to arrival at the target membrane.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2018-01-16Cell
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.050