6533b7d7fe1ef96bd1268e97

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Effect of sodium to barium substitution on the space charge implementation in thermally poled glasses for nonlinear optical applications

subject

description

Thermally poled niobium borophosphate glasses in the system 0.55(0.95-y) NaPO{sub 3}+y/2 Ba(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}+0.05Na{sub 2}B{sub 4}O{sub 7})+0.45Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} were investigated for second order optical nonlinear (SON) properties. Bulk glasses were studied by Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, optical and dielectric measurements. The sodium to barium substitution does not lead to significant changes in optical properties, crystallization of glasses and coordination environment of polarizable niobium atoms. However, the ionic conductivity decreases drastically with the increase of barium concentration. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy has been used to determine the element distribution in the anode layer of the thermally poled glasses. The second order optical susceptibilities gradually decrease from chi{sup (2)}=2.8 pm/V to zero with the increase of barium content. Using a simple electrical model, variations of nonlinear optical responses have been correlated with dielectric characteristics. - Graphical abstract: The sodium to barium substitution strongly influences the space charge implementation (E{sub int}) at the anode side of the poled glass and thus its nonlinear optical properties.