6533b7d9fe1ef96bd126b8fb

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Francoism, the Spanish Transition and the documentary gaze at mental illness

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Resumen: Este articulo aborda la mirada cinematografica sobre las instituciones psiquiatricas y la concepcion de la enfermedad mental del franquismo desde la optica antagonica que comenzo a promoverse desde distintos ambitos sociales, politicos y culturales durante la transicion espanola. Partiendo de una aproximacion historica cuyo objetivo es contextualizar la concepcion de la psiquiatria franquista se procede a continuacion al analisis formal y tematico de cuatro documentales clave de la transicion espanola: El desencanto (J. Chavarri, 1976), El asesino de Pedralbes (G. Herralde, 1978) Animacion en la sala de espera (C. Rodriguez Sanz y M. Coronado, 1978-81) y Cada ver es... (A. Garcia del Val, 1981). Dicho analisis pone de manifiesto el modo en que el cine documental contribuyo a articular una nueva mirada sobre la enfermedad mental que se hacia eco del debate social y lo promovia, cuestionando el orden moral, cientifico y juridico a partir del cual se sentaron las bases de la exclusion social durante el regimen. Palabras clave: franquismo, transicion espanola, psiquiatria, reforma psiquiatrica, enfermedad mental, cine documental Abstract: This paper focuses on the cinematic gaze over the psychiatric institutions and the consideration of mental illness during Francoism, as well as on the antagonistic position fostered during the Spanish Transition on a variety of social, political, and cultural milieus. After establishing a historical frame with the aim of contextualising the conception of Psychiatry during Francoism, the author proceeds to a formal and thematic analyse of four key documentaries from the Spanish Transition period: El desencanto (J. Chavarri, 1976), El asesino de Pedralbes (G. Herralde, 1978) Animacion en la sala de espera (C. Rodriguez Sanz y M. Coronado, 1978-81) y Cada ver es... (A. Garcia del Val, 1981). Such analysis will provide evidence of how documentary contributed to articulate a new consideration of the mental illness which echoed – and encouraged, the social debate, questioning the moral, scientific and juridical establishment on which social exclusion was rooted during the dictatorship. Key words: Francoism, Spanish Transition, Psychiatry, psychiatric reform, mental illness, documentary