6533b7defe1ef96bd1276961

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Pyroglutamate stimulates Na+ -dependent glutamate transport across the blood-brain barrier.

Ian A. SimpsonRichard A. HawkinsRichard A. HawkinsAshwini MokashiJuan R. ViñaJuan R. Viña

subject

BiophysicsBiological Transport ActiveGlutamic AcidOxoprolineBiologyBlood–brain barrierBiochemistryCell membraneStructural BiologyGeneticsmedicineAnimalsMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationPolarityCell MembraneSodiumGlutamate receptorTransporterCell BiologyGlutamic acidAmino acidAmino acidPyrrolidonecarboxylic Acidmedicine.anatomical_structureMembranechemistryBiochemistryActive-transportBlood-Brain BarrierBiophysicsCattleIntracellularRegulation

description

Regulation of Na(+)-dependent glutamate transport was studied in isolated luminal and abluminal plasma membranes derived from the bovine blood-brain barrier. Abluminal membranes have Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters while luminal membranes have facilitative transporters. This organization allows glutamate to be actively removed from brain. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, the first enzyme of the gamma-glutamyl cycle (GGC), is on the luminal membrane. Pyroglutamate (oxoproline), an intracellular product of GGC, stimulated Na(+)-dependent transport of glutamate by 46%, whereas facilitative glutamate uptake in luminal membranes was inhibited. This relationship between GGC and glutamate transporters may be part of a regulatory mechanism that accelerates glutamate removal from brain.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2006-07-10FEBS letters
10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.097https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16844120