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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Machining Economics and Optimization

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This chapter provides comprehensive knowledge regarding economical considerations and possible optimization methods of machining operations. The background of machining economics, including costs, time and productivity, related for typical machining operations (such as turning, milling and drilling) is outlined. The components of machining costs and time related to the cutting speed are distinguished, and appropriate mathematical models are presented. Optimization procedures allowing selection of optimal values of cutting speed and feed rate based on tool life and energy efficiency criteria are overviewed. In the first case, the economic cutting speed and cutting speed corresponding to the highest productivity and so-called H-E (high-efficiency) range are determined. In the second case, the specific cutting energy and its components are analyzed in terms of cutting conditions and relevant tool life, and cutting speed conforming with the minimum energy criterion are mathematically derived. A survey of advanced optimization method, including linear programming, nonlinear programming, fuzzy optimization and AI-based algorithms, is presented along with practical examples.