6533b82bfe1ef96bd128d65b

RESEARCH PRODUCT

The relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and incident depressive symptoms: A longitudinal cohort study

Nitin ShivappaBrendon StubbsMarco SolmiStefania MaggiMaria NotarnicolaMichele FornaroJoseph FirthMaria Gabriella CarusoJames R. HébertNicola Veronese

subject

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLongitudinal studyNeuroimmunologyOld ageDiet SurveysCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineEpidemiologyHumansMedicineLongitudinal Studies030212 general & internal medicineHealth behaviorDepression (differential diagnoses)AgedProportional Hazards ModelsInflammationPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesDepressionbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratioConfoundingDepression Health behavior Neuroimmunology Old ageMiddle AgedDietPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyQuartileCohortFemalebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDepression; Health behavior; Neuroimmunology; Old age; Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Depression; Diet; Diet Surveys; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Inflammation; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesFollow-Up Studies

description

Abstract Background Diet is a common source of inflammation, and inflammation is associated with depression. We examined the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a validated measure of inflammatory potential of the diet, and risk of depression in a cohort of older North American adults. Methods This longitudinal study, with a follow-up of 8 years, included 3648 participants (1577 males, 2071 females; mean age: 60.6 years) with/at risk of knee osteoarthritis. DII® scores were calculated using the validated Block Brief 2000 Food-Frequency Questionnaire. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression-20 scale was used to define depressive symptoms. The relationship between baseline DII® score and incident depression was assessed through Cox's regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, and reported as hazard ratios (HRs). Results In total, 837 individuals (310 men and 527 women) developed incident depressive symptoms over the course of 8 years. Participants in the most pro-inflammatory group (quartile 4) had approximately 24% higher risk of developing depressive symptoms compared to subjects with the most anti-inflammatory diet (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01–1.53; p = 0.04). Conclusion These results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet may be associated with higher incidence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of older Americans. Transitioning to a more anti-inflammatory diet may reduce depression risk.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2018-01-01Journal of Affective Disorders
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.014