6533b82efe1ef96bd1292a41

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Non-invasive peripheral vascular function, incident cardiovascular disease, and mortality in the general population

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AIMS Evidence suggests that peripheral vascular function is related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. We evaluated the associations of noninvasive measures of flow-mediated dilatation and peripheral arterial tonometry with incident CVD and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS In a post-hoc analysis of the community-based Gutenberg Health Study, median age 55 years (25th/75th percentile 46/65) and 49.5% women, we measured brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (N = 12,599) and fingertip peripheral arterial tonometry (N = 11,125). After a follow-up of up to 11.7 years, we observed 595 incident CVD events, 106 cardiac deaths, and 860 deaths in total. Survival curves showed decreased event-free survival with higher mean brachial artery diameter and baseline pulse amplitude and better survival with higher mean flow-mediated dilatation and peripheral arterial tonometry ratio (all Plog rank<0.05). In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses only baseline pulse amplitude was inversely related to mortality ((hazard ratio) per standard deviation increase, 0.86, 95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.94; P = 0.0009). After exclusion of individuals with prevalent cardiovascular disease the association was no longer statistically significant in multivariable-adjusted models (hazard ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.81-1.02; P = 0.11). None of the vascular variables substantially increased the C-index of a model comprising clinical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, noninvasive measures of peripheral vascular structure and function did not reveal clinically relevant associations with incident cardiovascular disease or mortality. Whether determination of pulse amplitude by peripheral arterial tonometry improves clinical decision-making in primary prevention needs to be demonstrated. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE In our large middle-aged community cohort with more than 15,000 individuals, median age 55 years (25th/75th percentile 46/65), 49.5% women noninvasively measured peripheral vascular function using flow-mediated dilation after upper arm occlusion or fingertip peripheral arterial tonometry was not relevantly associated with incident cardiovascular disease or mortality in multivariable-adjusted analyses. An interaction of the association of peripheral arterial tonometry with mortality by prevalent cardiovascular disease was observed. Routine measurement of flow-mediated dilation or peripheral arterial tonometry in our community cohort to screen for high risk of cardiovascular disease or mortality was not effective.