6533b82ffe1ef96bd1294639
RESEARCH PRODUCT
The prevalence of onchocerciasis in Africa and Yemen, 2000-2018: a geospatial analysis.
Ca SchmidtEa CromwellE HillKm DonkersMf SchippKb JohnsonDm PigottCa SchmidtEa CromwellE HillDm PigottJ AbbasV AdekanmbiOo AdetokunbohMb AhmedFm AlaneziTm AlanziV AlipourCl AndreiT AndreiD AnvariScy AppiahM AqeelJ ArablooMa JafarabadiM AusloosAa BaigM BanachTw BärnighausenK BhattacharyyaZa BhuttaA BijaniOj BradyNl BragazziZa ButtF CarvalhoVk ChattuSma DahlawiG DamianiFm DemekeK DeribeSd DharmaratneD DiazA DidarlooL EarlMes ZakiM El TantawiN FattahiE FernandesNa FoigtM ForoutanRc FranklinY GuoA Haj-mirzaianS HamidiH HassankhaniC HerteliuTb HigaziM HosseiniM HosseinzadehM HousehOs IlesanmiIm IlicMd IlicSsn IrvaniRp JhaJs JiJb JonasJj JozwiakLr KalankeshN KamyariBk MatinSe KarimiGa KayodeAk KaryaniEa KhanMn KhanK KhatabMm KhaterN KianipourYj KimS KosenD KusumaC La VecchiaVc LansinghPh LeeS LiS MalekiMa MansourniaFr Martins-meloC McalindenW MendozaT MestrovicM MoghadaszadehA Mohammadian-hafshejaniSm MohammadiS MohammedR MoradzadehP MoragaM NaderiAj NagarajanI NegoiCt NguyenHlt NguyenB OanceaAt OlagunjuAo BaliOe OnwujekweA PanaV Rahimi-movagharK RamezanzadehDl RawafS RawafR RawassizadehA RezapourAi RibeiroAm SamyMa ShaikhK SharafiA SheikhJa SinghE SkiadaresiS SoltaniWa StolkMb SufiyanAj ThomsonBx TranKb TranB UnnikrishnanFs ViolanteGt VuT YamadaS YayaP YipN YonemotoC YuY YuM ZamanianY ZhangZ-j ZhangA ZiapourSi HaySi Haysubject
Onchocerciasis; Geospatial model; Neglected tropical diseases;IvermectinYemenSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e ApplicataNigeriaBayes TheoremGeneral MedicineOnchocerciasisGhanaSettore MED/01 - Statistica MedicaGeneral & Internal MedicinePrevalenceHumansGeospatial model11 Medical and Health SciencesNeglected tropical diseasesdescription
Abstract Background Onchocerciasis is a disease caused by infection with Onchocerca volvulus, which is transmitted to humans via the bite of several species of black fly, and is responsible for permanent blindness or vision loss, as well as severe skin disease. Predominantly endemic in parts of Africa and Yemen, preventive chemotherapy with mass drug administration of ivermectin is the primary intervention recommended for the elimination of its transmission. Methods A dataset of 18,116 geo-referenced prevalence survey datapoints was used to model annual 2000–2018 infection prevalence in Africa and Yemen. Using Bayesian model-based geostatistics, we generated spatially continuous estimates of all-age 2000–2018 onchocerciasis infection prevalence at the 5 × 5-km resolution as well as aggregations to the national level, along with corresponding estimates of the uncertainty in these predictions. Results As of 2018, the prevalence of onchocerciasis infection continues to be concentrated across central and western Africa, with the highest mean estimates at the national level in Ghana (12.2%, 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 5.0–22.7). Mean estimates exceed 5% infection prevalence at the national level for Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, and South Sudan. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that onchocerciasis infection has declined over the last two decades throughout western and central Africa. Focal areas of Angola, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, South Sudan, and Uganda continue to have mean microfiladermia prevalence estimates exceeding 25%. At and above this level, the continuation or initiation of mass drug administration with ivermectin is supported. If national programs aim to eliminate onchocerciasis infection, additional surveillance or supervision of areas of predicted high prevalence would be warranted to ensure sufficiently high coverage of program interventions.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-09-07 | BMC medicine |