6533b82ffe1ef96bd1294f06
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Pulp Mills and Wood-Based Biorefineries
Raimo Alénsubject
Waste managementKraft processTall oilChemistryBioenergyPulp (paper)Soda pulpingengineeringBiorefiningengineering.materialPulp and paper industryKraft paperBlack liquordescription
The pulp and paper industry is facing major challenges and will need to find more versatile products to remain competitive. Large amounts of both solid and liquid residues are formed in the production line from tree to paper. The utilization of various organics for other purposes other than fuel depends on conversion technologies and production scale as well as energy and pulp prices. With respect to this, chemical pulping processes, practically as the first industrial biorefineries in the world, still offer attractive possibilities in the form of new by-products. In this chapter, general aspects together with some selected examples on the integrated production of chemical wood-based fiber, biochemicals, and bioenergy are considered. Both alkaline and acidic processes are included with the main emphasis being on the recovery of hemicelluloses- and lignin-derived fractions from various process liquors. In addition, the thermochemical treatment of kraft black liquor and crude tall oil soap was briefly discussed.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-01-01 |