6533b82ffe1ef96bd12964d9

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Rheological study and thermodynamic analysis of the binary system (water/ethanol): Influence of concentration

subject

description

Water is the most widely used solvent in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, since it is the most physiological and best tolerated excipient. However, in some cases water cannot be used as a solvent because the active substance or solute is insoluble or only slightly soluble in water. For this and other reasons, nonwater solvents may be used possessing the common characteristic of being soluble or mixable in water; as a result, such solvents can be used to prepare binary or tertiary mixtures, etc., with different purposes such as increasing water solubility, or modifying the viscosity or absorption of the dissolved substance, for example. Ethanol, along with other alcohols either alone or in water–alcohol solutions involving different proportions, are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as excipients in different formulations, or as solvents. Ethanol–water systems are characterized by the so-called volume contraction phenomenon, which is in turn accompanied by a considerable increase in the v...