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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Poverty and mortality of children under five in Niger : trends 1998-2012

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Questions of the well-being of populations in general, and in particular health, have raised global interest for several decades. By way of illustration One of the missions of the 1948 constitution, namely "to advance action in favor of the health and well-being of mothers and children". The various international conferences from Almata –Ata (1978) to that of New York 2000 for the Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals of 2015 have reiterated and emphasized the aspects of health and poverty. Niger, a country located in sub-Saharan Africa, continental and landlocked, one of the largest countries in West Africa with 1,267,000 km2, has subscribed to all these international commitments.However, for more than a decade, it has displayed a low human development index ranging from (0.255 to 0.394) from 1998 to 2019, occupying the 189th place in the ranking of the Human Development Index since 2017.Also, it displays an infant and juvenile mortality rate of 127 per 1000 in 2012 against 274 per 1000 in 1998.In this context, the study of this thesis which examines the relationship between the poverty of Nigerien households and the mortality of under five years children and meets the following objective:The main objective is to explain the variations and trends in child mortality since 1998 in relation to the situation of poverty experienced by the populations. The aim is to shed light on the mechanisms of action of poverty on the survival of children in the presence of socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors. This study is based on data from the demographic and health surveys of Niger from 1998, 2006 and 2012. In this document, poverty is apprehended by a proxy indicator, which is the standard of living indicator constructed from housing characteristics and assets owned by households.The results show that maternal factors influence the survival of under five years children. In addition, the socio-cultural factors including use of care differentiate the risk of death in children. Added to this is the geographical breakdown of the area of residence (Niamey, other towns and rural areas) which differentiates the risk of infant and child death