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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Chapter 17 Muscarinic receptors and cell signalling
Konrad Löffelholzsubject
G proteinHeterotrimeric G proteinMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1BiologyG protein-gated ion channelRhodopsin-like receptorsG protein-coupled receptorCell biologydescription
Publisher Summary Cells have developed signal transduction mechanisms in order to communicate with the cell exterior. Acetylcholine as an external signal is recognized by nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. This chapter presents various muscarinic receptors belonging to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors consisting of seven transmembrane (TM) helices tightly packed in a ring-like structure and arranged in a counter-clockwise fashion. Agonist binding leads to a conformational change of the receptor, thereby activating associated G proteins. Muscarinic stimulation of G proteins leads to the activation or inhibition of ion channels, such as K + and Ca 2+ channels, the activation of enzymes responsible for the formation of second messengers, such as adenylyl cyclase and phospholipases. G protein-coupled receptors bind to a certain G protein in a specific way. The amino acid sequence of the receptor molecule that is responsible for the recognition of the particular G protein is currently investigated in several laboratories, frequently by utilizing mutant and hybrid muscarinic receptors.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996-01-01 |