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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Separation of Cognitive Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Into 2 Familial Factors
Henrik UebelRobert D. OadesAribert RothenbergerEdmund J.s. Sonuga-barkeEdmund J.s. Sonuga-barkeFruehling V. RijsdijkTobias BanaschewskiPenelope AndreouAlexis C. WoodAlexis C. WoodAlejandro Arias-vasquezHerbert RoeyersStephen V. FaraoneNanda RommelseJoseph A. SergeantJaap Van Der MeereJonna KuntsiIris ManorAna MirandaPhilip AshersonB. AlbrechtMichael GillKatherine A JohnsonKatherine A JohnsonJan K. BuitelaarGráinne McloughlinHans-christoph SteinhausenHans-christoph SteinhausenHans-christoph SteinhausenFernando Mulassubject
ProbandMaleMedizinComorbidityNeuropsychological TestsChoice BehaviorDevelopmental psychology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthMOLECULAR-GENETICS0302 clinical medicinePerception and Action [DCN 1]GENETIC INFLUENCES10. No inequalityChildMental Health [NCEBP 9]Cognitive disorderCognition10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPedigreePsychiatry and Mental healthPhenotype1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Femalemedicine.symptomPsychologyFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]AdolescentDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERContext (language use)610 Medicine & healthImpulsivityArticleREACTION-TIME PERFORMANCE03 medical and health sciencesArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)medicineReaction TimeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansINTRA-SUBJECT VARIABILITYFamilyINHIBITORY CONTROLGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONDELAY AVERSIONSiblingsSocial environmentmedicine.diseaseComorbidity030227 psychiatryAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityImpulsive BehaviorRESPONSE VARIABILITYSUSTAINED ATTENTIONCognition DisordersFactor Analysis Statistical030217 neurology & neurosurgerydescription
Contains fulltext : 89304.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, but it is not known whether the apparent multiple impairments share etiological roots or separate etiological pathways exist. A better understanding of the etiological pathways is important for the development of targeted interventions and for identification of suitable intermediate phenotypes for molecular genetic investigations. OBJECTIVES: To determine, by using a multivariate familial factor analysis approach, whether 1 or more familial factors underlie the slow and variable reaction times, impaired response inhibition, and choice impulsivity associated with ADHD. DESIGN: An ADHD and control sibling-pair design. SETTING: Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1265 participants, aged 6 to 18 years: 464 probands with ADHD and 456 of their siblings (524 with combined-subtype ADHD), and 345 control participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Performance on a 4-choice reaction time task, a go/no-go inhibition task, and a choice-delay task. RESULTS: The final model consisted of 2 familial factors. The larger factor, reflecting 85% of the familial variance of ADHD, captured 98% to 100% of the familial influences on mean reaction time and reaction time variability. The second, smaller factor, reflecting 13% of the familial variance of ADHD, captured 62% to 82% of the familial influences on commission and omission errors on the go/no-go task. Choice impulsivity was excluded in the final model because of poor fit. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest the existence of 2 familial pathways to cognitive impairments in ADHD and indicate promising cognitive targets for future molecular genetic investigations. The familial distinction between the 2 cognitive impairments is consistent with recent theoretical models--a developmental model and an arousal-attention model--of 2 separable underlying processes in ADHD. Future research that tests the familial model within a developmental framework may inform developmentally sensitive interventions. 01 november 2010
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-11-01 |