Search results for "medicine.disease"
showing 10 items of 39984 documents
Prevalence and characteristics of antidepressant drug prescriptions in older Italian patients.
2012
ABSTRACTBackground: During last few decades, the proportion of elderly persons prescribed with antidepressants for the treatment of depression and anxiety has increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of antidepressant prescription and related factors in elderly in-patients, as well as the consistency between prescription of antidepressants and specific diagnoses requiring these medications.Methods: Thirty-four internal medicine and four geriatric wards in Italy participated in the Registro Politerapie SIMI–REPOSI study during 2008. In all, 1,155 in-patients, 65 years or older, were enrolled. Prevalence of the use of antidepressants was calculated at both admission and dis…
Association between clusters of diseases and polypharmacy in hospitalized elderly patients: results from the REPOSI study.
2011
BACKGROUND: Although the association between multimorbidity and polypharmacy has been clearly documented, no study has analyzed whether or not specific combinations of diseases influence the prescription of polypharmacy in older persons. We assessed which clusters of diseases are associated with polypharmacy in acute-care elderly in-patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was held in 38 Italian internal medicine and geriatric wards participating in the Registro Politerapie SIMI (REPOSI) study during 2008. The study sample included 1155 in-patients aged 65 years or older. Clusters of diseases, defined as two or more co-occurring specific chronic diseases, were identified using the odds…
Performance of PSI, CURB-65, and SCAP scores in predicting the outcome of patients with community-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia
2011
The objective was to compare three score systems, pneumonia severity index (PSI), the Confusion-Urea-Respiratory Rate-Blood pressure-65 (CURB-65), and severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP), for prediction of the outcomes in a cohort of patients with community-acquired (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Large multi-center, prospective, observational study was conducted in 55 hospitals. HCAP patients were included in the high classes of CURB-65, PSI and SCAP scores have a mortality rate higher than that of CAP patients. HCAP patients included in the low class of the three severity rules have a significantly higher incidence of adverse events, including development of septi…
Band gap of corundumlike α−Ga2O3 determined by absorption and ellipsometry
2017
The electronic structure near the band gap of the corundumlike $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ phase of ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been investigated by means of optical absorption and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in the ultraviolet (UV) range (400--190 nm). The absorption coefficient in the UV region and the imaginary part of the dielectric function exhibit two prominent absorption thresholds with wide but well-defined structures at 5.6 and 6.3 eV which have been ascribed to allowed direct transitions from crystal-field split valence bands to the conduction band. Excitonic effects with large Gaussian broadening are taken into account through the Elliott-Toyozawa model, which y…
Thorough evaluation of OECD principles in modelling of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine derivatives using QSARINS.
2020
The human immunodeficiency virus is a lethal pathology considered as a worldwide problem. The search for new strategies for the treatment of this disease continues to be a great challenge in the scientific community. In this study, a series of 107 derivatives of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine, previously evaluated experimentally against HIV-I reverse transcriptase, was used to model antiretroviral activity. A model of linear regression, implemented in the QSARINS software, was developed with a genetic algorithm for variable selection. The fit of its parameters was good and exhaustive validation, according to the OECD regulatory principles, was performed. Also, the applica…
Fluorine-Containing Drugs Approved by the FDA in 2018
2019
Over the last two decades, fluorine substitution has become one of the essential structural traits in modern pharmaceuticals. Thus, about half of the most successful drugs (blockbuster drugs) contain fluorine atoms. In this review, we profile 17 fluorine-containing drugs approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) in 2018. The newly approved pharmaceuticals feature several types of aromatic F and CF3 , as well as aliphatic (CF2 ) substitution, offering advances in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, HIV, malarial and smallpox infections.
Titanocene–gold complexes containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands inhibit growth of prostate, renal, and colon cancers in vitro
2016
We report on the synthesis, characterization, and stability studies of new titanocene complexes containing a methyl group and a carboxylate ligand (mba = −OC(O)-p-C6H4-S−) bound to gold(I)−N-heterocyclic carbene fragments through the thiolate group: [(η5 -C5H5)2TiMe(μ-mba)Au(NHC)]. The cytotoxicities of the heterometallic compounds along with those of novel monometallic gold−N-heterocyclic carbene precursors [(NHC)Au(mbaH)] have been evaluated against renal, prostate, colon, and breast cancer cell lines. The highest activity and selectivity and a synergistic effect of the resulting heterometallic species was found for the prostate and colon cancer cell lines. The colocalization of both tita…
A robust viologen and Mn-based porous coordination polymer with two types of Lewis acid sites providing high affinity for H 2 O, CO 2 and NH 3
2017
A novel porous coordination polymer [Mn(pc3)(H2O)2]·xH2O (3 < x < 4) is synthesized in water at pH = 7 using the anionic viologen-carboxylate ligand 4,4′-bipyridinium,1,1′-bis-(2,4-dicarboxyphenyl) (pc32−). Dehydration of the material results in the formation of open pores containing two types of accessible Lewis acid sites: exposed Mn2+ cations and N+ atoms of viologen units. Due to this property the PCP shows high affinity and capacity in the adsorption of H2O, CO2 and NH3. Despite the presence of strong adsorption sites this material is stable in liquid water and in gaseous NH3.
Diabetes and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Implications for covid-19 patients with diabetes treatment management
2020
In the context of the COVID-19 continuous spreading, this paper focuses on the increased risk of diabetic patients regarding the metabolic control and the uncertainties related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chronic hyperglycaemia negatively affects the immune system, which triggers an increase of morbidity and mortality for viral infections. A key aspect of COVID-19 resides in the involvement of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system that causes a cascade of reactions mediated by vasoactive peptides with implications in vasoconstriction, vascular permeability, oxidative stress remodelling and tissue injuries. Activation of RAAS at pulmonary level, is responsible for the local damage. Many q…
Highly antiproliferative neutral Ru(ii)-arene phosphine complexes
2018
Six ruthenium(II)- and four gold(I)-phosphine based complexes were synthesized and fully characterized. Some of them displayed strong antiproliferative properties for several types of cancer including colon, breast, and lung. Notably, two of the Ru(II) complexes displayed an IC50 of around 2 μM, which is exceptional for these types of complexes. The dramatic impact of the nature of the arene coordinated on the ruthenium center was clearly evidenced.