Ligniinin osuuden vaikutus ligniini-fenoliformaldehydihartsien kemiaan

6533b838fe1ef96bd12a3fc9

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Ligniinin osuuden vaikutus ligniini-fenoliformaldehydihartsien kemiaan

subject

ligniini-fenoliformaldehydihartsi liimausvirheet sulfaattiligniini liimojen sitominen liimat hartsit fenolit ligniini analyysimenetelmät formaldehydi

description

Fenoliformaldehydihartsia valmistetaan fenolista ja formaldehydistä, joka toimii ristisilloitusagenttina. Katalyyttinä käytetään natriumhydroksidia. Formaldehydi liittyy fenolin renkaaseen hydroksyyliryhmän para- tai orto-asemiin additioreaktiolla alkalisissa olosuhteissa. Fenolin alkalointi saa aikaa renkaaseen karbanioneja, joihin formaldehydin elektrofiilinen hiiliatomi voi liittyä. Reaktio tunnetaan Lederer-Manasse-reaktiona. Ligniini on amorfinen biopolymeeri, jota saadaan esimerkiksi sulfaattiprosessin sivutuotteena. Rakenteellisesti ligniinistä voidaan erottaa kolme fenyylipropaaniyksikköä, jotka ovat p-kumaryylialkoholi, koniferyylialkoholi ja sinapyylialkoholi. Ligniinillä voidaan korvata fenolin osuutta hartseissa. Ligniinin fenolisen renkaan C5-asemaan saadaan pääreaktion mukaisesti formaldehydiadditio alkalisisissa olosuhteissa. Toinen reaktiomekanismi on formaldehydiadditio ligniinin sivuketjun β-asemaan Tollen-reaktion mukaisesti. Pro gradu tarkastelee ligniinilisäyksen vaikutuksia fenoliformaldehydihartseihin. Erikoistyössä tutkitaan ja selvitetään ligniinilisäyksen vaikutuksia koivuvanerin fenoliformaldehydihartsi-liimauksessa.

year	journal	country	edition	language
2017-01-01

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201711154259

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