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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Phylogeny and gene expression analyses of ammonium transporters (AMT) induced by mycorrhization and nodule symbiosis among Papilionoideae subfamily

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The study of plant-microbe associations through nutrient exchanges has significantly improved our understanding of plant microbiome. Legume plants establish mutualistic associations with both rhizobial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [1]. These symbioses improve mineral plant nutrition and increase plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant-microbe associations provide key features for the current agricultural and environmental challenges [2]. Translocation mechanisms of nitrogen from the fungal and rhizobial symbiotic interfaces to the plant are not well-defined yet. In Poaceae plant, inductions of specific ammonium transporters (AMT) genes [3, 4] and nitrogen/peptide transporters (NRF) genes [5] have already been described during arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis. Based on these results, we speculate that specific genes are similarly induced during mycorrhizal and/or rhizobial symbiosis in legume plants and could be used as functional markers. Here, we have investigated whether ammonium transporters were conserved through-out evolution among Papilionoideae, and if so, whether similar patterns of expression are shared. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed an organisation of AMT gene in orthologous clusters. Considered the effect of both symbioses on AMT gene expression, we have highlighted novel positively regulated genes during arbuscular mycorrhiza and/or rhizobia symbiosis. Our results provide new key proteins on mycorrhizal and rhizobial transcriptome and gives new insights on the regulation patterns determining by plant/microbe interaction.