6533b839fe1ef96bd12a6d6a

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Nonionic Maleic Surfmers

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ABSTRACT A set of nonionic maleic surfactants have been prepared, all coming from the derivatization of maleic hemiesters with a long alkyl chain. They are either amidoesters or diester products. In the case of amidoesters, the acid group was first activated and then reacted with primary or secondary or tertiary ethanolamine compounds. In the case of diesters, the hemiester was reacted directly with glycidol, in acid or basic conditions. These surfactants were characterized for their structure by 1H NMR, and for their surface active properties, by surface tension measurements. They were also used in batch emulsion polymerisation of styrene, and seeded core-shell copolymerisation of a 1/1 mixture of styrene and butylacrylate in a semi-continuous process. In both cases, stable latexes with high monomer conversion, and limited amounts of floc were produced, with about the targetted particle size. It was shown that these reactive surfactants are incorporated with high yields, and they are not extracted with a...