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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Changes in the pea seed proteome in response to drought combined with sulfur deficiency

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EABAPGEAPSI DOCT INRA; Pea (Pisum sativum L.) produces seeds rich in proteins, but seed yield and quality remain unstable across years due to abiotic stresses occurring during the reproductive period. Drought and sulfur deficiency are two abiotic stresses that interact in the current context of climate change and lowinput practices, and recent studies suggest a role of sulfate transport and metabolism in the plant response to drought (Ernst et al., 2010; Chan et al., 2013; Gallardo et al., 2014; Ahmad et al., 2016). In this study, we investigated the impact of sulfur deficiency combined with drought on the pea seed proteome. Pea plants were subjected to sulfur-deficiency two weeks after sowing, and a water stress was applied from flowering to the beginning of seed filling. Seeds were collected during embryogenesis (5, 9 and 12 days after pollination) and at maturity. The one-dimensional protein profile of mature seeds revealed changes in seed protein composition in response to combined stresses. A shotgun proteomics approach was then used to study the metabolic response of early developing seeds to drought combined with sulfur deficiency. A total of 2104 proteins were identified and quantified, and almost all of them vary during development, or in response to drought and/or sulfur deficiency. These data will enable us to build the metabolic pathways involved in pea seed embryogenesis and to establish a model by which early developing seeds adjust their metabolism under multi-stress conditions.