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RESEARCH PRODUCT

New insights on water buffalo genomic diversity and post-domestication migration routes from medium density SNP chip data

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:52:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 The domestic water buffalo is native to the Asian continent but through historical migrations and recent importations, nowadays has a worldwide distribution. The two types of water buffalo, i.e., river and swamp, display distinct morphological and behavioral traits, different karyotypes and also have different purposes and geographical distributions. River buffaloes from Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Romania, Bulgaria, Italy, Mozambique, Brazil and Colombia, and swamp buffaloes from China, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia and Brazil were genotyped with a species-specific medium-density 90K SNP panel. We estimated the levels of molecular diversity and described population structure, which revealed historical relationships between populations and migration events. Three distinct gene pools were identified in pure river as well as in pure swamp buffalo populations. Genomic admixture was seen in the Philippines and in Brazil, resulting from importations of animals for breed improvement. Our results were largely consistent with previous archeological, historical and molecular-based evidence for two independent domestication events for river- and swamp-type buffaloes, which occurred in the Indo-Pakistani region and close to the China/Indochina border, respectively. Based on a geographical analysis of the distribution of diversity, our evidence also indicated that the water buffalo spread out of the domestication centers followed two major divergent migration directions: river buffaloes migrated west from the Indian sub-continent while swamp buffaloes migrated from northern Indochina via an east-south-eastern route. These data suggest that the current distribution of water buffalo diversity has been shaped by the combined effects of multiple migration events occurred at different stages of the post-domestication history of the species. Dipartimento di Scienze Animali della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Centro di Ricerca sulla Biodiversità e sul DNA Antico (BioDNA) Department of Support Production and Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine São Paulo State University International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Colaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics PTP Science Park LGS-AIA Associazione Italiana Allevatori Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Biotecnologiche e Traslazionali Università degli Studi di Parma Cell Biology Department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division National Research Centre Philippine Carabao Centre Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education Huazhong Agricultural University Department of Animal Husbandry Southwest University Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine Hunan Agricultural University College of Animal Science Guizhou University Enshi Technology College Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agricultural Science Urmia University College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University College of Life Science China Jiliang University Department of Animal Genetics Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Department of Agriculture University of Naples Federico II COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Namik Kemal University School of Biotechnology Suranaree University of Technology Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp.) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista RandD Department Centre for Research and Conservation Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group and Chester Zoo Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh NRF/DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research MRC Centre for TB Research and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Stellenbosch University Research Centre for Biotechnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Indonesian Buffalo Conservation and Breeding Centre Department of Animal Production and Technology Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici Agroalimentari e Forestali DIBAF Università della Tuscia The Davies Research Centre School of Animal and Veterinary Science University of Adelaide Department of Support Production and Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine São Paulo State University Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp.) Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista