6533b858fe1ef96bd12b646f

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Biomonitoring of Enniatin B1 and Its Phase I Metabolites in Human Urine: First Large-Scale Study

Alfonso NarváezYelko Rodríguez-carrascoAlberto RitieniGiulia GrazianiLuana IzzoAnna Gaspari

subject

FusariumAdultMaleSpectrometry Mass Electrospray Ionizationhigh resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)Health Toxicology and MutagenesisPopulationlcsh:MedicineUrineUrinalysisToxicology01 natural sciencesArticlechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyMetabolomicsLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometryHigh resolutionmass spectrometry (HRMS)DepsipeptidesBiomonitoringHumanseducationMycotoxinChromatography High Pressure LiquidEnniatin B1education.field_of_studyChromatographybiologyChemistry010401 analytical chemistrylcsh:RIn vivo analysis04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classification040401 food sciencemetabolomics0104 chemical sciencesin vivobiomonitoringFemaleMetabolic Detoxication Phase IEnniatinBiomarkersBiological Monitoring

description

Enniatins (Enns) are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. which are a fungus widely spread throughout cereals and cereal-based products. Among all the identified enniatins, Enn B1 stands as one of the most prevalent analogues in cereals in Europe. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time the presence of Enn B1 and its phase I metabolites in 300 human urine samples using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) methodology. Enn B1 was detected in 94.3% of samples ranging from 0.007 to 0.429 ng/mL (mean value: 0.065 ng/mL). In accordance with previous in vitro and in vivo analysis, hydroxylated metabolites (78.0% samples) and carbonylated metabolites (66.0% samples) were tentatively identified as the major products. Results from this biomonitoring study point to a frequent intake of Enn B1 in the studied population, suggesting that in-depth toxicological studies are needed in order to understand the potential effects in humans.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2020-06-22
https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-5547-768-2/ch8