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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Cross-cultural adaptation and test-retest reliability of the spanish ROWAN foot pain assessment questionnaire (ROFPAQ-S)

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Background The ROWAN Foot Pain Assessment Questionnaire (ROFPAQ) may be considered as a self-reported health questionnaire with 45 items to measure foot health problems such as foot pain. To date, the ROFPAQ has only been validated into an English-language version. Objectives Therefore this study aim was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and test-retest reliability of the Spanish ROFPAQ version (ROFPAQ-S). Study design A cross-sectional descriptive study. Settings Podiatry and physiotherapy clinical centers. Methods The recommended forward/backward translation protocol was applied for the procedure of translation and cross-cultural adaptation from United Kingdom to Spain. Results An adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha) was shown for the 3 domains about cognitive (alpha = 0.763-0.792), affective (alpha = 0.751-0.801), and sensory (alpha = 0.741-0.733) subscales, as well as for the total score (alpha= 0.822-0.813). Good test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [95% confidence interval]) was shown for the total score (ICC = 0.909 [0.850-0.944]), and each domain such as cognitive (ICC = 0.785 [0.648- 0.869]), affective (ICC = 0.995 [0.991-0.997]), and sensory (ICC = 0.662 [0.447-0.794]) subscales. The Spearman correlations (rs) were adequate for the cognitive (rs = 0.81-0.83), affective (rs = 0.73-0.72), and sensory (rs = 0.67-0.63) subscales. Limitations The original ROFPAQ was developed from a podiatry department of the health care national service. Conclusions The ROFPAQ-S was shown as a valid and reliable tool with an acceptable use in the Spanish population. Key words Foot, quality of life, chronic pain, health impact assessment, validation studies.