6533b85dfe1ef96bd12be7b7
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Dietary protein deficiency affects n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids hepatic storage and very low density lipoprotein transport in rats on different diets.
Jacques BellevilleJosiane ProstMahmoud Bouzianesubject
Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVery low-density lipoproteinfood.ingredientLow proteinDocosahexaenoic AcidsBiologyLipoproteins VLDLBiochemistrySoybean oilchemistry.chemical_compoundfoodEssential fatty acidInternal medicineCaseinFatty Acids Omega-6Protein DeficiencyFatty Acids Omega-3medicineAnimalsFood scienceRats WistarPhospholipidsTriglycerideschemistry.chemical_classificationFatty Acids EssentialOrganic Chemistryfood and beveragesFatty acidBiological TransportCell BiologyDietary FatsDietRatsEndocrinologychemistryEicosapentaenoic AcidLiverFatty Acids Unsaturatedlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Arachidonic acidDietary ProteinsPolyunsaturated fatty aciddescription
Fatty livers and the similarity between the skin lesions in kwashiorkor and those described in experimental essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency have led to the hypothesis that protein and EFA deficiencies may both occur in chronic malnutrition. The relationship between serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and hepatic lipid composition was studied after 28 d of protein depletion to determine the interactions between dietary protein levels and EFA availability. Rats were fed purified diets containing 20 or 2% casein and 5% fat as either soybean oil rich in EFA, or salmon oil rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, or hydrogenated coconut, oil poor in EFA. Animals were divided into six groups, SOC (20% casein +5% soybean oil), SOd (2% casein +5% soybean oil), COC (20% casein +5% hydrogenated coconut oil), COd (2% casein + 5% hydrogenated coconut oil), SAC (20% casein +5% salmon oil) and SAd (2% casein +5% salmon oil). After 28 d, liver steatosis and reduced VLDL-phospholipid contents (P<0.001) were observed in protein-deficient rats. In protein deficiency, triacylglycerol and phospholipid fatty acid compositions in both liver and VLDL showed a decreased polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratio. This ratio was higher with the salmon oil diets and lower with the hydrogenated coconut oil diets. Furthermore, independent of the oil in the diet, protein deficiency decreased linoleic and arachidonic acids in VLDL phospholipids. Conversely, despite decreased proportions of EPA at low protein levels, DHA levels remained higher in rats fed salmon oil diets. While in rats fed the hydrogenated coconut oil-fed diets the amount of 22∶5n−6 was lower in liver, it was higher in VLDL lipids at low protein levels. Both EPA and arachidonic acid are precursors of eicosanoids and their diminution may be related to certain clinical symptoms seen in infants suffering from kwashiorkor.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994-04-01 | Lipids |