6533b85dfe1ef96bd12be947
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Particulate Matter Exposure and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies
Agustín Llopis-gonzálezAgustin Llopis-moralesLorenzo CioniMaría Morales-suárez-varelaGabriele Donzellisubject
medicine.medical_specialtyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisAir pollution exposure; Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); Environmental epidemiology; Environmental pollution; Particulate matter (PM); Public health policy; Air Pollution; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Particulate Matter; Prospective StudiesEnvironmental pollutionReview010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAir PollutionEnvironmental healthEpidemiologyHumansMedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderAttentionProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineChildProspective cohort studyair pollution exposurepublic health policy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesExposure assessmentparticulate matter (PM)business.industryClinical study designPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthattention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)medicine.diseaseenvironmental epidemiologyCross-Sectional StudiesAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutismParticulate Matterenvironmental pollutionbusinessEnvironmental epidemiologydescription
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common cognitive and behavioural disorder affecting children, with a worldwide-pooled prevalence of around 5%. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution is suspected to be associated with autism spectrum disorders and recent studies have investigated the relationship between PM exposure and ADHD. In the absence of any synthesis of the relevant literature on this topic, this systematic review of epidemiological studies aimed to investigate the relationship between the exposure of children to PM and ADHD and identify gaps in our current knowledge. In December 2018, we searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases. We only included epidemiological studies carried out on children without any age limit, measuring PM exposure and health outcomes related to ADHD. We assessed the quality of the articles and the risk of bias for each included article using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) approach, respectively. The keyword search yielded 774 results. Twelve studies with a total number of 181,144 children met our inclusion criteria, of which 10 were prospective cohort studies and 2 were cross-sectional studies. We subsequently classified the selected articles as high or good quality studies. A total of 9 out of the 12 studies reported a positive association between PM exposure to outdoor air pollution and behavioral problems related to attention. Despite these results, we found a significant degree of heterogeneity among the study designs. Furthermore, 11 studies were judged to be at a probably high risk of bias in the exposure assessment. In conclusion, we opine that further high quality studies are still needed in order to clarify the association between PM exposure and ADHD diagnosis
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-11-23 | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |