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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Impact of Sex Differences and Diabetes on Coronary Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Heart Disease

Giancarlo SelvaggioPéter FerdinandyStefano SelvaggioSalvatore De RosaSaverio MuscoliBalistrericarmela RitaRaffaele De CaterinaRosalinda MadonnaRosalinda Madonna

subject

medicine.medical_specialtyAnatomical structureslcsh:MedicineReviewDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusgendercell signalingsexSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaMedicinecardiovascular diseasesCoronary atherosclerosis030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesdiabetesbusiness.industrylcsh:Rbiomarkers; cell signaling; coronary artery disease; diabetes; gender; sex; womenbiomarkersGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSexual dimorphismdiabeteCardiologybiomarkerwomenbusinessIschemic heartDeveloped countrycoronary artery disease

description

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are the main cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Although it is well known that there is a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men, current therapy does not consider the sexual dimorphism; i.e., differences in anatomical structures and metabolism of tissues. Here, we discuss how genetic, epigenetic, hormonal, cellular or molecular factors may explain the different CVD risk, especially in high-risk groups such as women with diabetes. We analyze whether sex may modify the effects of diabetes at risk of CAD. Finally, we discuss current diagnostic techniques in the evaluation of CAD and IHD in diabetic women.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2018-11-25Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010098