6533b86ffe1ef96bd12cdcd4
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors drive intestinal inflammation via activation of toll-like receptor 4
Simon T. DillonDetlef SchuppanDetlef SchuppanYvonne JunkerVictor F. ZevallosDonatella BarisaniDonatella BarisaniTowia A. LibermannCiaran P. KellyDaniel A. LefflerSebastian ZeissigTobias L. FreitagTobias L. FreitagSeong-jun KimHerbert Wiesersubject
GliadinMice0302 clinical medicineHEK293 CellImmunology and AllergyTriticumPlant Proteins2. Zero hungerMice Knockout0303 health sciencesToll-like receptorMice Inbred C3Hfood and beveragesPlant ProteinU937 CellsAcquired immune system3. Good health030211 gastroenterology & hepatologymedicine.symptomTrypsin InhibitorsHumanSignal TransductionImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataInflammationBiologyProinflammatory cytokineCell Line03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemImmunitymedicineAnimalsHumansAmino Acid Sequence030304 developmental biologyInnate immune systemSequence Homology Amino AcidAnimalBIO/13 - BIOLOGIA APPLICATAnutritional and metabolic diseasesHordeumImmunity InnateToll-Like Receptor 4Mice Inbred C57BLCeliac DiseaseHEK293 CellsImmunologyMyeloid Differentiation Factor 88TLR4Trypsin Inhibitordescription
Ingestion of wheat, barley, or rye triggers small intestinal inflammation in patients with celiac disease. Specifically, the storage proteins of these cereals (gluten) elicit an adaptive Th1-mediated immune response in individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 as major genetic predisposition. This well-defined role of adaptive immunity contrasts with an ill-defined component of innate immunity in celiac disease. We identify the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) CM3 and 0.19, pest resistance molecules in wheat, as strong activators of innate immune responses in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. ATIs engage the TLR4–MD2–CD14 complex and lead to up-regulation of maturation markers and elicit release of proinflammatory cytokines in cells from celiac and nonceliac patients and in celiac patients’ biopsies. Mice deficient in TLR4 or TLR4 signaling are protected from intestinal and systemic immune responses upon oral challenge with ATIs. These findings define cereal ATIs as novel contributors to celiac disease. Moreover, ATIs may fuel inflammation and immune reactions in other intestinal and nonintestinal immune disorders.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-12-05 |