6533b873fe1ef96bd12d4d5f
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Urinaryp-cresol is elevated in young French children with autism spectrum disorder: a replication study
Sonia CerulloAndrea UrbaniBonnet-brilhault FrédériqueJoëlle MalvyCatherine BarthélémyRoberto SaccoStefano GabrieleAntonio M. PersicoGabriele TripiCristina Nerisubject
Pervasive developmental disordersMalePathologyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisClinical BiochemistryBiochemistryClinical biochemistryCresolsorganic contaminants; neurotoxicity; Gut flora; pervasive developmental disorders; p-cresylsulfateUrinary levelsneurotoxicityChildSettore BIO/12P-cresylsulfateSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantileGut flora neurotoxicity organic contaminants p-cresylsulfate pervasive developmental disordersHealthAutism spectrum disorderChild Preschoolp-cresylsulfateBiomarker (medicine)FemaleFrancemedicine.medical_specialtyChild Development DisordersAdolescentUrinary systemGlucuronatesSulfuric Acid EstersOrganic contaminantsGut flora; Neurotoxicity; Organic contaminants; p-cresylsulfate; Pervasive developmental disorders; Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child Development Disorders; Pervasive; Child; Preschool; Cresols; Female; France; Glucuronates; Humans; Male; Sulfuric Acid Esters; Biochemistry; Clinical Biochemistry; Health; Toxicology and MutagenesisInternal medicineparasitic diseasesNeurotoxicitymedicineHumansToxicology and MutagenesisPreschoolSettore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICAPervasiveGut florabusiness.industryCase-control studypervasive developmental disordersmedicine.diseaseChild Development Disorders PervasiveCase-Control StudiesAutismorganic contaminantsGut flora; Neurotoxicity; Organic contaminants; p-cresylsulfate; Pervasive developmental disorders; Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child Development Disorders Pervasive; Child Preschool; Cresols; Female; France; Glucuronates; Humans; Male; Sulfuric Acid Esters; Biochemistry; Clinical Biochemistry; Health Toxicology and Mutagenesisbusinessdescription
The aromatic compound p-cresol (4-methylphenol) has been found elevated in the urines of Italian autistic children up to 8 years of age. The present study aims at replicating these initial findings in an ethnically distinct sample and at extending them by measuring also the three components of urinary p-cresol, namely p-cresylsulfate, p-cresylglucuronate and free p-cresol. Total urinary p-cresol, p-cresylsulfate and p-cresylglucuronate were significantly elevated in 33 French autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases compared with 33 sex- and age-matched controls (p < 0.05). This increase was limited to ASD children aged ≤8 years (p < 0.01), and not older (p = 0.17). Urinary levels of p-cresol and p-cresylsulfate were associated with stereotypic, compulsive/repetitive behaviors (p < 0.05), although not with overall autism severity. These results confirm the elevation of urinary p-cresol in a sizable set of small autistic children and spur interest into biomarker roles for p-cresol and p-cresylsulfate in autism.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-01-01 | Biomarkers |