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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Surgical Anatomy of the Rectovaginal Space: Does a Standalone Rectovaginal Septum or Denonvilliers Fascia Exist in Women?
Claudia Mulas FernándezGianluca PellinoMaría García-gausíJosé V. RoigF Martinez-sorianoÁLvaro García-graneroJuan García-armengolVicente Pla-martisubject
AdventitiaPelviAnatomical structuresDissection (medical)Vaginal wallPelvis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSurgical anatomyCadavermedicineHumansMesenteryFasciabusiness.industryDissectionRectumGastroenterologyDenonvilliers' fasciaGeneral MedicineRectovaginal fasciaAnatomymedicine.diseaseRectal wall030220 oncology & carcinogenesisVaginaFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologybusinessHumanFascia (architecture)description
Background Below the anterior peritoneal reflection, the anterior rectal wall and mesorectum are separated from the posterior vaginal wall by a virtual rectovaginal space. In this space, the description of a specific and independent rectovaginal septum as a female counterpart of Denonvilliers fascia has been the subject of debate over the years. Objective The aim of this study is to perform an accurate anatomical study of the rectovaginal area in a cadaveric simulation model of total mesorectal excision to evaluate the possible structures and the dissection planes contained within the rectovaginal space. Design and setting This is a cadaveric study performed at the University of Valencia. Patients The pelvises of 25 formalin-preserved female cadavers were dissected. All the included specimens were sectioned in a midsagittal plane, at the level of the middle axis of the anal canal. Main outcome measures Careful and detailed dissection was performed to visualize the anatomical structures and potential dissection planes during anterior mesorectal dissection in cadavers. Histological sections were made of the posterior vaginal wall. Results The rectovaginal space contains loose areolar tissue that allows an easy dissection plane distally. A distinct and independent rectovaginal fascia or septum is not present. The existence of 3 layers fused together in the posterior vaginal wall can be identified more or less precisely because of their different coloration. The histological study confirms this macroscopic arrangement of the posterior vaginal wall in 3 layers: the mucosa, the muscular, and the adventitia. An independent rectovaginal septum can be generated only with a splitting of the adventitia. Limitations The cadaveric pelvic specimens of the oldest donors might have had age-related degeneration. Conclusions The present anatomical study has shown only a plane of loose areolar tissue between the rectal and vaginal wall. We can conclude that there is no independent fascia or septum in the rectovaginal space. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B456. ANATOMIA QUIRURGICA DEL ESPACIO RECTOVAGINAL: ?EXISTE UN TABIQUE RECTOVAGINAL INDEPENDIENTE O UNA FASCIA DE DENONVILLIERS EN LAS MUJERES: Debajo del reflejo peritoneal anterior, la pared rectal anterior y el mesorrecto estan separados de la pared vaginal posterior por un espacio rectovaginal virtual. En este espacio, la descripcion de un tabique rectovaginal independiente especifico como contraparte femenina de la fascia de Denonvilliers ha sido objeto de debate a lo largo de los anos.Realizar un estudio anatomico preciso del area rectovaginal en un modelo de simulacion cadaverica de escision mesorrectal total, con el fin de evaluar las posibles estructuras y los planos de diseccion contenidos en el espacio rectovaginal.estudio cadaverico realizado en la Universidad de Valencia.Se disecaron las pelvis de 25 cadaveres femeninos conservados en formalina. Todas las muestras incluidas fueron seccionadas en un plano medio sagital, a la altura del eje medio del canal anal.Se llevo a cabo una diseccion cuidadosa y detallada para visualizar las estructuras anatomicas y los posibles planos de diseccion durante la diseccion mesorrectal anterior en cadaveres. Se realizaron cortes histologicos de la pared vaginal posterior.El espacio rectovaginal contiene tejido areolar laxo que permite un plano de diseccion facil distalmente. No hay fascia o tabique rectovaginal distinto e independiente. La existencia de tres capas fusionadas en la pared vaginal posterior puede identificarse con mayor o menor precision debido a su diferente coloracion. El estudio histologico confirma esta disposicion macroscopica de la pared vaginal posterior en tres capas: la mucosa, la muscular y la adventicia. Un tabique rectovaginal independiente solo se puede generar con una division de la adventicia.Las muestras pelvicas de cadaveres de los donantes mas antiguos pueden haber tenido degeneracion relacionada con la edad.El estudio anatomico actual solo ha mostrado un plano de tejido areolar laxo entre la pared rectal y vaginal. Podemos concluir que no hay fascia o tabique independiente en el espacio rectovaginal. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B456. (Traduccion-Dr. Adrian Ortega).
year | journal | country | edition | language |
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2021-05-03 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum |