Search results for " ACTIVATION"
showing 10 items of 1535 documents
Metabolomics of the effect of AMPK activation by AICAR on human umbilical vein endothelial cells
2011
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic master switch expressed in a great number of cells and tissues. AMPK is thought to modulate the cellular response to different stresses that increase cellular AMP concentration. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) is an AMPK activator used in many studies to assess the effects of AMPK activation on cellular metabolism and function. However, the effect of AICAR on cell metabolism reaches many different pathways and metabolites, some of which do not seem to be fully related to AMPK activation. We have now for the first time used NMR metabolomics on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) fo…
Molecular Diagnostics: Innovative Technologies for Clinical and Translational Research
2021
In recent years, cancer patients’ treatment has profoundly changed due to a better comprehension of the biological processes underlying tumor development and progression. Several tumors are defined as “oncogene addicted” meaning that they are strictly dependent on oncogene activation for their own survival. This discovery has indeed led the way to the development of target therapies that are able to specifically kill cancer cells sparing normal cells from toxicity. For these reasons, nowadays, treatment decision is strictly dependent on the molecular characterization of the tumor that can be achieved through different technologies. Within this chapter, we will discuss the main technologies …
Collagen-induced differential expression of an RNA polymerase subunit by breast cancer cells
2005
It was previously reported that the stroma of ductal infiltrating carcinoma (DIC) of the human breast contains considerable amount of an embryo-foetal collagen type, OF/LB (onco-foetal/laminin-binding), and that adhesion of 8701-BC DIC cells onto OF/LB collagen substrates selectively promotes cell growth, motility, production of extracellular lytic enzymes and invasion "in vitro" if compared with other collagen species. To detect possible transcriptional differences for regulatory proteins following OF/LB collagen-cell interactions, we submitted RNA preparations from 8701-BC cells grown on collagen type I, IV and OF/LB to "differential display"-PCR in the presence of degenerate C(2)H(2) zin…
Tolerance towards resident intestinal flora in mice is abrogated in experimental colitis and restored by treatment with interleukin-10 or antibodies …
1996
There is now increasing evidence that hyperresponsiveness towards intestinal flora is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In support of this hypothesis, we recently described in humans that tolerance exists towards indigenous intestinal flora but is broken in active IBD lesions. In the present study, we have attempted to transfer this model into mice from different genetic backgrounds (BALB/c, SJL/J, C3H/HeJ). We found that mononuclear cells from spleen, small bowel and large bowel of mice do not proliferate, i.e. are tolerant when exposed to bacterial sonicates derived from autologous intestine (BsA) but do proliferate, i.e. are immune when exposed to b…
Combined complete C5 and partial C4 deficiency in humans: clinical consequences and complement-mediated functions in vitro.
1990
A family is described with two siblings who suffered at different times from a single episode of meningococcal meningitis by Neisseria meningitidis groups B and C, respectively. In the two subjects, hemolytically active fifth component of complement (C5) was not detectable and antigenic C5 was less than 0.05% and less than 0.7% of normal, respectively. Repletion of sera by purified human C5 (70 micrograms/ml) restored total complement hemolytic activities. The asymptomatic first degree family members had C5 levels compatible with a heterozygous state of C5 deficiency. C4 allotyping revealed an inherited partial deficiency (Q0) of C4A and C4B in the family with a combined C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 het…
Complex Systems: an Interdisciplinary Approach
2011
Two main peculiarities characterize complex systems: the nonlinearity and the noisy environmental interaction. The comprehension of noise role in the dynamics of nonlinear systems plays a key aspect in the efforts devoted to understand and model so-called complex systems.
Complexes de métaux de transition avec des ligands carbènes N-hétérocycliques : synthèses et réactivité
2015
The purpose of this work is the synthesis of complexes containing imine-functionalized protic NHC ligands in order to further develop synthetic methodologies giving access to pNHC, C-bound ‘anionic’ imidazolide, and homo- and heterodinuclear complexes. In the case of imidazoles without functional group, deprotonation with n-butyl lithium afforded (1-aryl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)lithium in good yield. Reaction of (1-aryl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)lithium with [Ir(cod)(μ-Cl)]2 or [Rh(cod)(μ-Cl)]2 yielded a doubly C2,N3-bridged dinuclear complex. In the case of imine-functionalized imidazole, the Ir(I) N-bound imidazole complex can tautomerize to Ir(I) imine-functionalized pNHC complex chloride abstraction at…
Suitability of Illite Based Clays of Latvia for Chemical and Thermal Activation
2014
Materials has been synthesized in the temperature range from 600-800 0C from illite based clays of Latvia under activation of KOH and NaOH solutions (4-6 M). Compressive strength and apparent porosity were measured. The effect of the concentration of KOH and NaOH solutions on the material mechanical properties was investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy (IR). Compressive strength data of the materials showed that via such activation building materials with good quality can be obtained.
GAMIT - A Fading-Gaussian Activation Model of Interval-Timing: Unifying Prospective and Retrospective Time Estimation
2014
Two recent findings constitute a serious challenge for all existing models of interval timing. First, Hass and Hermann (2012) have shown that only variance-based processes will lead to the scalar growth of error that is characteristic of human time judgments. Secondly, a major meta-review of over one hundred studies of participants’ judgments of interval duration (Block et al., 2010) reveals a striking interaction between the way in which temporal judgments are queried (i.e., retrospectively or prospectively) and cognitive load. For retrospective time judgments, estimates under high cognitive load are longer than under low cognitive load. For prospective judgments, the reverse pattern holds…
Compression Garments in Sport
2019
Abstract In this chapter we summarize the main scientific information regarding the applications of compression garments in sports. This chapter covers the discussion from the clinical compression’s application in patients to how its use has been extended to sport. In addition, the composition and different kinds of textiles are considered regarding the level of compression and methodologies/standards for its classification. The chapter is organized in sections considering the effects of compression garments on physiological, psychological, strength, power, endurance, and muscle activation parameters, and ends with indications of future research directions and methodological aspects regardi…