Search results for " ANTHROPOLOGY"

Recognition and Support of ICCAs in Italy

2012

The concept of ICCA was introduced and first discussed in Italy during two workshops held in 2004 and 2005. The notion very well fits the tradition domestically known in terms of common properties (CPs) and ‘civic uses’ lands (proprietà colletive e demani civici), a category referring to lands and the natural resources used in common by a community. They include a diversity of governance solutions derived from their different historical recognition. CPs and civic uses lands in Italy achieved recognition under agricultural law and were particularly associated to the agro-forestry and pastoral sector. They have been subject to regulations of restrictions on change of land use and protected by…

Hydrogeomorphological analysis and modelling for a comprehensive understanding of flash-flood damage processes: the 9 October 2018 event in northeast…

2020

31 Pags.- 12 Figs.- 5 Tabls. © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Autonomy Freedom and Preferences for Redistribution

2007

In this paper we study the determinants of people's attitudes toward income inequality and their consequences for redistributive policies. In the light of a recent literature in social choice theory, we argue that an individual's attitudes toward inequality depend upon the extent of autonomy freedom he/she enjoys. We use individual level data to validate our theory and show that the higher the extent of an individual's autonomy freedom, the greater the probability that he/she supports larger income differences as incentives for individual effort. Conversely, the lower the extent of autonomy freedom, the more likely he/she supports the view that incomes should be made more equal. These findi…

The Effects of Fiscal Redistribution

2016

Every discussion on income distribution and inequality distinguishes between market income, namely income before tax and without transfers, and disposable, or net income, which is after tax and including transfers. Hence, taxation and transfers create a redistribution of income. This redistribution is usually progressive, as direct taxes and subsidies are progressive, and thus it is supposed to reduce inequality, in the transition from market income to disposable income. This paper focuses on measuring the effect of fiscal policy in income redistribution and in reducing inequality. It also examines which type of fiscal policy is most strongly related to the redistribution of income, are the…

Democratic governments, economic growth and income distribution

1995

That in democracies more inequality leads to more redistribution is an implication of Allan Meltzer and Scott Richard's well-known model ( 1981).1 That, in turn, more redistribution leads to less growth is a generally accepted proposition. That "inequality is harmful for growth" (Persson and Tabellini, 1994) is thus the predictable result of the introduction of policy-making à la Meltzer and Richard into the theory of growth. The small literature in which such introduction has been attempted includes contributions by Alberto Alesina, Giuseppe Bertola, Roberto Perotti, Thomsten Persson, Dani Rodrik, Gilles Saint- Paul, Guido Tabellini and Thierry Verdier. Short surveys are provided by Perott…

The effects of monetary policy shocks on inequality

2018

Abstract This paper provides new evidence of the effect of conventional monetary policy shocks on income inequality. We construct a measure of unanticipated changes in policy rates—changes in short-term interest rates that are orthogonal to unexpected changes in growth and inflation news—for a panel of 32 advanced and emerging market countries over the period 1990–2013. Our main finding is that contractionary monetary policy shocks increase income inequality, on average. The effect is asymmetric—tightening of policy raises inequality more than easing lowers it—and depends on the state of the business cycle. We find some evidence that the effect increases with the share of labor income and i…

Optimizing the level of service quality of a bike-sharing system

2016

Public bike-sharing programs have been deployed in hundreds of cities worldwide, improving mobility in a socially equitable and environmentally sustainable way. However, the quality of the service is drastically affected by imbalances in the distribution of bicycles among stations. We address this problem in two stages. First, we estimate the unsatisfied demand (lack of free lockers or lack of bicycles) at each station for a given time period in the future and for each possible number of bicycles at the beginning of the period. In a second stage, we use these estimates to guide our redistribution algorithms. Computational results using real data from the bike-sharing system in Palma de Mall…

ICH in Italy, Cremona violin making school and some after-diploma impressions

This session presentation is focusing on the Violin Making education system in Cremona. Cremona violin making technique dates back to 16th century, Amati, Stradivari and Guarneri families are considered between the most influential violin makers families who have considerably contributed to the transformation of arched instruments, especially cellos, violins, violas, and contrabasses. In 2012, UNESCO inscribed the traditional violin craftsmanship technique of the city on the intangible cultural heritage list. In the old times, the transmission process was carried out inside the familial circle from father to son, but nowadays the transmission context has strongly changed. The international …

Intangible Cultural Heritage exposed to Public Deliberation: A Participatory Experience in a Regional Nature Park

2017

International audience

Propositions pour une littérature d'investigation

2017

International audience; Le temps semble à l’alliance de la littérature et des sciences sociales. Mais les modalités en sont encore incertaines. Au lieu de considérer l’anthropologie comme une forme de littérature, on peut envisager la littérature comme une enquête. Cette « littérature d’investigation » se donne notamment pour objectif de documenter des formes de vie et de monter des dispositifs rendant compte d’aspects inaperçus de phénomènes sociaux. Elle occupe ainsi une position intermédiaire : elle se ménage à la fois une liberté et une créativité relatives vis-à-vis des protocoles d’enquête propres aux sciences sociales et une certaine méfiance pour un sens trop révérencieux envers la …