Search results for " ATHLETE"
showing 9 items of 189 documents
Resting electrocardiogram and blood pressure in young athletes and nonathletes : A 4-year follow-up
2022
A follow-up data on electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) changes in adolescent athletes are scarce. We compared ECG and BP between adolescent athletes and non-athletes in a 4-year follow-up. A total of 154 youth sports clubs (SC) in Finland and 100 secondary schools for comparison data participated in this observational follow-up study. Those who maintained or adopted SC participation are referred to as “Always athletes” (n=137), those who never participated in SC as “Never athletes” (n=108) and those who dropped out of SC during the follow-up as “Changers” (n=116). The mean age of the participants was 15.5 (0.6) years in all study groups at baseline. Resting ECG including heart …
Effects of aging and training on sprint performance, muscle structure and contractile function in athletes
2009
Cross-sectional studies were conducted to examine sprint running, anaerobic energy production and muscle properties in male sprinters aged 17-88 years. In addition, a 20-week training intervention was carried out to determine whether older runners can further improve their neuromuscular and performance characteristics by a greater emphasis on strength training. With age, sprint performance declined gradually (5-6%/decade). The slowing of maximum speed was characterized by a reduction in stride length and an increase in contact time along with lower ground reaction forces (GRF) and smaller leg and vertical stiffness during the contact phase. Stride frequency showed small decline while swing …
Moral Attitudes Predict Cheating and Gamesmanship Behaviors Among Competitive Tennis Players
2017
Background: The present study tested Lee et al.’s (2008) model of moral attitudes and cheating behavior in sports in an Italian sample of young tennis players and extended it to predict behavior in actual match play. In the first phase of the study we proposed that moral, competence and status values would predict prosocial and antisocial moral attitudes directly, and indirectly through athletes’ goal orientations. In the second phase, we hypothesized that moral attitudes would directly predict actual cheating behavior observed during match play.\ud \ud Method: Adolescent competitive tennis players (N = 314, 76.75% males, M age = 14.36 years, SD = 1.50) completed measures of values, goal or…
Restitusjonsvaner hos unge toppidrettsutøvere i Sør-Norge : En kartleggingsstudie av utholdenhet- og ballspillutøvere
2018
Masteroppgave idrettsvitenskap ME517 - Universitetet i Agder 2018 Background: In order to perform optimally in training and competition, the recovery inbetween, through adequate diet and sufficient sleep/rest, is of great importance. Up until now, most studies have only featured adult athletes. Similarly, studies conducted on young athletes, as well as across sports, are limited. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the habits of recovery, in terms of diet and sleep, with regards to the recommendations given by Helsedirektoratet and Olympiatoppen. Further investigating the use of different recovery strategies, among young elite athletes in southern Norway. Method: A total of 36 …
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic shoulder and elbow score in Finnish-speaking overhead athletes
2022
Background The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score (KJOC) is developed to evaluate the shoulder and elbow function in overhead athletes. To date, the score has not been adapted into Finnish language. The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score (KJOC) into Finnish language and evaluate its validity, reliability, and responsiveness in overhead athletes. Methods Forward–backward translation method was followed in the cross-cultural adaptation process. Subsequently, 114 overhead athletes (52 males, 62 females, mean age 18.1 ± 2.8 years) completed the Finnish version of KJOC score, Disabilitie…
Ultrasound-guided viscosupplementation in glenohumeral microinstability in sports athletes
2014
Impact of Energy Availability, Health and Sex on Hemoglobin Mass Responses Following Live-High–Train-High Altitude Training in Elite Female and Male …
2018
Purpose: The authors investigated the effects of sex, energy availability (EA), and health status on the change in hemoglobin mass (ΔHbmass) in elite endurance athletes over ∼3–4 wk of live-high–train-high altitude training in Flagstaff, AZ (2135 m; n = 27 women; n = 21 men; 27% 2016 Olympians). Methods: Precamp and postcamp Hbmass (optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method) and iron status were measured, EA was estimated via food and training logs, and a Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAFQ) and a general injury/illness questionnaire were completed. Hypoxic exposure (h) was calculated with low (600 h) groupings. Results: Absolute and relative percentage ΔHbmass was si…
Modelling the influence of automaticity of behaviour on physical activity motivation, intention and actual behaviour
2014
In research and in practise social-cognitive models, such as the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), are used to predict physical activity behaviour. These models mainly focus on reflective cognitive processes. As a reflective process, intention is thought to be the most proximal predictor to behaviour. Nevertheless, research suggests that the relation between intention and actual behaviour, the so called intention-behaviour gap, is moderate. Many health-related actions in daily life are performed repetitively and with minimal forethought. In contrast to social-cognitive theories, dual-process theories suggest that behaviour is based on both reflective and automatic processes. Recent researc…