Search results for " BURDEN"
showing 10 items of 325 documents
Disease Burden of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children Residing in Germany: A Retrospective, Hospital-based Surveillance.
2015
Background Representative, population-based epidemiologic data for gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus (RV) are rare. RV vaccines were first licensed in Europe in 2006 and recommended in 5 western federal states in 2008 or thereafter. This study establishes a baseline for assessing the impact of vaccination and delineates the RV disease burden in Germany today. Methods Nationwide data obtained from hospitals for children 0 to 10 years of age and transferred to the Federal Statistical Office were analyzed retrospectively. Acute gastroenteritis cases because of RV were identified by the International Classification of Diseases code (ICD-10) combined with the referring diagnosis-related group …
Tax burden borne by electricity and mining companies in Peru during 2010-2015 period
2018
O objetivo principal da pesquisa é quantificar a pressão fiscal suportada pelas empresas elétricas e de mineração que operam no Peru, no período 2010-2015, de tal forma que a existência de diferenças entre os dois setores econômicos analisados possa ser avaliada. Para este propósito, é apresentada uma descrição do setor elétrico e de mineração, bem como a evolução e influência que exercem sobre o crescimento econômico do Peru. Como elemento importante da investigação, foi realizada uma análise do arcabouço jurídico tributário que regula as atividades das empresas dos dois setores analisados, em especial, no tocante ao Imposto de Renda. O referencial teórico incorpora as principais referênci…
The Fatty Liver Assessment in Germany (FLAG) cohort study identifies large heterogeneity in NAFLD care
2020
Background & Aims NAFLD is a growing health concern. The aim of the Fatty Liver Assessment in Germany (FLAG) study was to assess disease burden and provide data on the standard of care from secondary care. Methods The FLAG study is an observational real-world study in patients with NAFLD enrolled at 13 centres across Germany. Severity of disease was assessed by non-invasive surrogate scores and data recorded at baseline and 12 months. Results In this study, 507 patients (mean age 53 years; 47% women) were enrolled. According to fibrosis-4 index, 64%, 26%, and 10% of the patients had no significant fibrosis, indeterminate stage, and advanced fibrosis, respectively. Patients with advanced fib…
Heterogeneity of Patients with Intermediate (BCLC B) Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Proposal for a Subclassification to Facilitate Treatment Decisions
2013
The intermediate stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises a highly heterogeneous patient population and therefore poses unique challenges for therapeutic management, different from the early and advanced stages. Patients classified as having intermediate HCC by the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system present with varying tumor burden and liver function. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is currently recommended as the standard of care in this setting, but there is considerable variation in the clinical benefit patients derive from this treatment.In April 2012, a panel of experts convened to discuss unresolved issues surrounding the application of current guidel…
Inadempimento e causalità nelle obbligazioni di fare professionale
2020
Il saggio analizza e tenta di confutare i recenti tentativi, giurisprudenziali e dottrinari, di ritagliare alle obbligazioni di facere professionale un regime apposito di responsabilità contrattuale, specie sul versante della rilevanza autonoma del nesso di causalità materiale e dell’imposizione al creditore del relativo onere probatorio. Muovendo dall’esame dell’oggetto delle obbligazioni di facere professionale, il saggio si prefigge di offrire una conferma dell’unitarietà delle regole di responsabilità contrattuale e della ripartizione dei temi di prova tra creditore e debitore. The essay analyzes and tries to refute recent attempts, both in jurisprudence and in doctrine, to cut out to t…
Interventions aimed to increase independence and well-being in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: Review of some interventions in the Italian context
2018
Abstract Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a huge social and economic burden for the society and caring for individuals with AD is a complex and challenging task that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Studies have shown that several interventions provide beneficial results, but some non-pharmacological interventions have not yet been studied in depth and clinical trials using them are still pending. This review provides a summary of interventions based on paradigms aimed to increase independence and well-being in people with AD, as well as those interventions that decrease caregiver burden in long-term facilties for AD patients in Italy. Methods Narrative review regarding …
Identification of Biomarkers Including 18FDG-PET/CT for Early Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
2015
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the value of the metabolic tumor response assessed with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), compared with clinicobiologic markers to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Experimental Design: Fifty consecutive women with TNBC and an indication for NAC were prospectively included. Different pretreatment clinical, biologic, and pathologic biomarkers, including SBR grade, the Ki-67 proliferation index, androgen receptor expression, EGF receptor (EGFR), and cytokeratin 5/6 staining, were assessed. Tumor glucose metabolism at baseline and its chan…
Health-related quality of life data from a phase 3, international, randomized, open-label, multicenter study in patients with previously treated mant…
2017
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive, incurable B-cell malignancy. Ibrutinib has been shown to be highly active for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL. The RAY trial (MCL3001) was a phase 3, randomized, open-label, multicenter study that compared ibrutinib with temsirolimus in patients with R/R MCL. Active disease is frequently associated with impaired functional status and reduced well-being. Therefore, the current study employed two patient-reported outcome instruments, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lymphoma (FACT-Lym) and the EQ-5D-5L, to assess symptoms, well-being, health status, and health-related quality of life of patients on treatment within the R…
Neoadjuvant bevacizumab and anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy in 678 triple-negative primary breast cancers; results from the geparquinto study…
2013
Abstract Background We evaluated the pathological complete response (pCR) rate after neoadjuvant epirubicin, (E) cyclophosphamide (C) and docetaxel containing chemotherapy with and without the addition of bevacizumab in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients and methods Patients with untreated cT1c-4d TNBC represented a stratified subset of the 1948 participants of the HER2-negative part of the GeparQuinto trial. Patients were randomized to receive four cycles EC (90/600 mg/m2; q3w) followed by four cycles docetaxel (100 mg/m2; q3w) each with or without bevacizumab (15 mg/kg; q3w) added to chemotherapy. Results TNBC patients were randomized to chemotherapy without (n =…
Interassay and interobserver comparability study of four programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry assays in triple-negative breast canc…
2021
Different immunohistochemical programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) assays and scorings have been reported to yield variable results in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We compared the analytical concordance and reproducibility of four clinically relevant PD-L1 assays assessing immune cell (IC) score, tumor proportion score (TPS), and combined positive score (CPS) in TNBC. Primary TNBC resection specimens (n = 104) were stained for PD-L1 using VENTANA SP142, VENTANA SP263, DAKO 22C3, and DAKO 28–8. PD-L1 expression was scored according to guidelines on virtual whole slide images by four trained readers. The mean PD-L1 positivity at IC-score ≥1% and CPS ≥1 ranged between 53% and 75% with th…