Search results for " Behavioral"

Functional remediation for patients with bipolar II disorder: improvement of functioning and subsyndromal symptoms.

2014

Recently, Functional Remediation (FR) has proven to be effective in improving the functional outcome of euthymic bipolar patients. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of the FR program in a subsample of euthymic bipolar II patients (BPII). A post-hoc analyses were undertaken using data of 53 BPII outpatients who had participated in a multicenter, rater-blind, randomized, controlled trial exploring the efficacy of FR (n=17) as compared with a Psychoeducation group (PSY) (n=19) and a treatment as usual control group (TAU n=17). The primary outcome variable was the functional improvement defined as the mean change in the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) from baseline to endp…

A controlled treatment study of somatoform disorders including analysis of healthcare utilization and cost-effectiveness.

2003

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effects of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) on mental health status and healthcare utilization in patients with somatoform disorders (SFD) of a specialized tertiary care center. Methods: According to DSM-IV interviews, 54 patients had somatization disorder (SD), 51 abridged somatization syndrome (SSI-8) and 67 other defined SFD. A clinical non-SFD comparison group consisted of 123 patients. Treatment effects were controlled against the waiting list. Cost calculations for the 2-year periods before and after treatment were based on medical and billing records from health insurance companies. Results: The SFD pat…

Detection and distraction effects for threatening information in social phobia and change after treatment.

2007

This work examines differences in the detection and distraction by social-threatrelated information between a social phobia group (SP; N533) and a normal control group (NC; N532). The change obtained after psychological treatment is also studied for the SP group. A paper-and-pencil visual search task is used, in which the emotional valence of the ‘‘target’’ (social threat, physical threat, and neutral words) and ‘‘distractor’’ (social threat, physical threat, neutral, and nonsense words) verbal stimuli is manipulated. Results indicate that there are no differences in the detection of social-threat targets between SP and NC participants. However, the performance of SP individuals is more imp…

Enhancing the efficacy of treatment for temporomandibular patients with muscular diagnosis through cognitive-behavioral intervention, including hypno…

2011

Objective This study evaluated the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), including hypnosis, in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) with muscular diagnosis. Study Design Seventy-two patients (65 women and 7 men with an average age of 39 years) were selected according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD, and assigned to the experimental group (n = 41), receiving the 6-session CBT program, and the control group (n = 31). All patients received conservative standard treatment for TMD. The assessment included pain variables and psychologic distress. Results There were significant differences between the groups, the experimental group showing a higher improvement …

Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: differences in distress, interference, appraisals and neutralizing strategies.

2012

Abstract Background and objectives Cognitive proposals about the mediating role of misinterpretations, emotional reactions, and control strategies in the escalation of obsessional intrusive thoughts (OIT) to clinical obsessions have received only partial support. This study aims to examine these variables, taking into account the obsession/OIT contents and the severity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Methods After identifying their most upsetting OIT/obsession, 61 OCD patients and 61 non-clinical individuals assessed the associated distress, interference and appraisals, and the strategies used to control the obsession/OIT. Results Compared with the nonclinical subjects, OCD indi…

Influence of Personality Disorders on Therapy Outcome in Somatoform Disorders at 2-Year Follow-up

1999

What Predicts Outcome, Response, and Drop-out in CBT of Depressive Adults? A Naturalistic Study

2012

Background: The efficacy of CBT for unipolar depressive disorders is well established, yet not all patients improve or tolerate treatment. Aims: To identify factors associated with symptomatic outcome, response, and drop-out in depressive patients under naturalistic CBT. Method: 193 patients with major depression or dysthymia were tested. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were entered as predictors in hierarchical regression analyses. Results: A higher degree of pretreatment depression, early improvement, and completion of therapy were identified as predictors for symptomatic change and response. Drop-out was predicted by concurrent personality disorder, less positive outcome expectan…

Vulnerability to psychotogenic effects of ketamine is associated with elevated D2/3-receptor availability.

2012

Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies employing competition paradigms have shown either no change or substantial declines in striatal ( 11 C)-raclopride binding after challenge with psychotogenic doses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine. We sought to probe the relationship between the severity of ketamine-induced psychotic symptoms and altered dopamine D2/3 receptor availability throughout brain using the high affinity ligand ( 18 F)-fallypride (FP). PET recordings were obtained in a group of 10 healthy, young male volunteers, in a placebo condition, and in the course of an infusion with ketamine at a psychotomimetic dose. Administration of the Positive and Negati…

Long-term Effects of Multimodal Treatment on Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms: Follow-up Analysis of the COMPAS Trial.

2019

Key Points Question What are the long-term results of multimodal treatment for adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) when comparing cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) with individual clinical management (CM) in combination with either methylphenidate or placebo? Findings In this follow-up assessment of the Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD Study (COMPAS), a multicenter randomized clinical trial, 256 adults participated in follow-up 1.5 years after the intervention ended. The severity of ADHD symptoms improved in all 4 prior treatment groups, with no significant difference found between GPT and CM, but methylphenidate was associated wit…

An Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Adults With Migraine: A Feasibility Study

2019

Objective To present a novel cognitive behavioral therapy program that was developed exclusively for adults with migraine, and to assess the feasibility of this program. Background Unlike previous efforts, we combined different approaches of behavioral therapy into one program: relaxation therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, trigger management. Methods The treatment program consists of 7 sessions (including psychoeducation, lifestyle counseling, coping with fear of attacks, trigger management, and stress management). The research was conducted in a single-group study with N = 9 completers (age: M = 41.6, SD = 17.6 years; N = 8 female, N = 1 male; N = 5 migraine without aura, N = 2 migrain…