Search results for " Bladder"
showing 10 items of 396 documents
Do overactive bladder symptoms and their treatment-associated changes exhibit a normal distribution? Implications for analysis and reporting
2020
Aims: To explore the use of means vs medians (assuming or not the presence of normal distribution) in studies reporting overactive bladder syndrome symptoms and to test for normal distribution of basal values and treatment-associated changes thereof in two large noninterventional studies. Methods: Systematic review of all original studies reporting on at least one overactive bladder syndrome symptom published in four leading urology journals in 2016 to 2017. Testing of the normal distribution of urgency, incontinence, frequency, and nocturia in two large noninterventional studies (n = 1335 and 745). Results: Among 48 eligible articles, 86% reported means (assuming a normal distribution), 6%…
Results of conservative treatment (transurethral resection plus adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy) in patients with primary T1, G3 transitional cell…
1996
Objectives. To evaluate a selected population of 50 consecutive patients with primary T1, G3 bladder transitional cell carcinoma in the absence of carcinoma in situ (Tis) treated with a bladder-sparing approach. Methods. Between January 1983 and December 1992, all patients were treated by transurethral resection (TUR) plus adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy over 1 year. In most cases, doxorubicin, epirubicin, and mitomycin were used alone or in combination. Results. At a mean follow-up period of 52 months (range, 18 to 126), 16 of 50 patients (32%) showed a recurrent superficial tumor. The recurrent lesion was of Stage T1 in 11 (22%) cases, but was a T1, G3 tumor only in 5 cases (10%). In 2…
Adriamycin Permeability of the Rat Bladder under Different Conditions
1983
Abstract Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 1.4 or 2.4 mg. adriamycin intravesically. Radioimmunological measurement of serum concentrations were performed up to 3 hours post-instillation in normal bladder mucosa, cystitis, and after electrocoagulation, under different filling conditions, as well as with the use of a detergent (Tween 80). The serum concentrations achieved were markedly higher after electrocoagulation or cystitis; altogether they reached only 1/6,000 of the instilled concentration. These studies on the rat bladder suggest that perioperative instillation of adriamycin to prevent recurrence is not contraindicated shortly before or after transurethral resection …
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Non–Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
2012
Item does not contain fulltext CONTEXT: Our aim was to present a summary of the Second International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment options for non-muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (NMIBC) using an evidence-based approach. OBJECTIVE: To critically review the recent data on the management of NMIBC to arrive at a general consensus. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A detailed Medline analysis was performed for original articles addressing the treatment of NMIBC with regard to diagnosis, surgery, intravesical chemotherapy, and follow-up. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The major findi…
Bladder Mucosal Graft Vaginoplasty: A Case Report
2018
Abstract Background Female vaginoplasty reconstruction, by choice, is usually performed with adjacent tissue. However in some clinical conditions such as high urogenital confluence sinus, cloacal malformation with extreme vaginal hypoplasia, local tissue may not be available. When vaginal replacement is performed in pediatric patients intestinal segments is preferred to non-operative procedures that require continuative dilations. However mucus production, malignant transformation risk and diversion colitis are important side effects. Technique We present a nouvel technique for vaginoplasty in a female child presenting with an isolated urogenital sinus malformation without virilization. The…
Results of a Phase I-II Pilot Study with Intravescical Gemcitabine in Superficial Bladder Cancer (Ta-T1)
2005
To study the ablative activity of intravescical gemcitabine against superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder at different doses and concentrations. Methods Twenty-seven patients were treated with intravescical gemcitabine after transurethral resection, during which one to three papillary marker lesions were left unresected. Starting 14 days after transurethral resection, six gemcitabine instillations were given at weekly intervals. Gemcitabine, diluted in 50 mL of saline solution and maintained for 2 hr, was given at a dose of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg in groups of nine patients each. A complete response (CR) was defined as negative cutologycystoscopy and biopsy findings. Results…
Surgical Anatomy for Radical Prostatectomy
2007
Exact neuroanatomical knowledge of the male and female pelvis has become increasingly important to both anatomists and pelvic surgeons (bowel surgery, urology, gynaecology). Anatomical discoveries are often the basis for the development of new operating methods. In addition, functional results after operative procedures have become the target of detailed anatomical scrutiny.
Radical perineal prostatectomy
2004
Historically, perineal prostatectomy was the primary type of surgery for prostate cancer, performed for the first time by Billroth in 1867 mostly without visual control. However, Hugh Hampton Young received credit for the first perineal prostatectomy after reporting in 1905 his experience with a mostly visually controlled operation and new special instruments [1]. Different perineal routes of access to the prostate have been described, but the most commonly used route is Young’s suprasphincteric approach ventral to the external and internal sphincter ani. It was the mainstay of surgical treatment until by the mid of last century pelvic lymph node dissection became part of the procedure. Rad…
Mirabegron in overactive bladder: A review of efficacy, safety, and tolerability
2013
Aims Mirabegron, the first β3-adrenoceptor agonist to enter clinical practice, has a different mechanism of action from antimuscarinic agents. This review presents data on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of mirabegron in studies conducted to date. Methods All clinical data on mirabegron that are currently in the public domain are included, including some in-press manuscripts. Results In Phase III clinical trials in patients with overactive bladder (OAB), mirabegron at daily doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg demonstrated significant efficacy in treating the symptoms of OAB, including micturition frequency, urgency incontinence, and urgency. Significant improvements in micturition frequency,…
Orthotopic bladder augmentation and substitution.
1999
Orthotopic bladder augmentation or substitution using intestinal segments has become a standard procedure for many disorders that cause a loss of functional or anatomical bladder capacity. From the technical point of view, reservoir configuration by detubularizing the intestinal segments is the general practice. Various techniques exist, depending which types of segments and which techniques of ureteral implantation are used. Common problems include urinary incontinence, retention, metabolic disorders, and the possibility of secondary malignancies. As a result, research has been conducted into utilizing tissues other than intestine for bladder augmentation or substitution.