Search results for " CALIBRATION"
showing 10 items of 148 documents
Assessment of building energy modelling studies to meet the requirements of the new Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
2020
Abstract The cost optimal method (COM) as applied in the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) uses “non-calibrated deterministic reference buildings (RBs)”. Such RBs are defined with single envelope and equipment parameter values, for which calibration with actual building stock energy performance (EP) is not undertaken. Thus, it is not possible to visualise the effect of uncertainties or diversity in the input parameters on cost-optimal level benchmarks and to verify the choice of RBs. The paper proposes an update to the COM via use of “Probabilistic Bayesian calibrated RBs” to handle uncertainties and produce more realistic cost optimal levels to support policy makers in devis…
Bayesian Analysis of a Future Beta Decay Experiment's Sensitivity to Neutrino Mass Scale and Ordering
2021
Bayesian modeling techniques enable sensitivity analyses that incorporate detailed expectations regarding future experiments. A model-based approach also allows one to evaluate inferences and predicted outcomes, by calibrating (or measuring) the consequences incurred when certain results are reported. We present procedures for calibrating predictions of an experiment's sensitivity to both continuous and discrete parameters. Using these procedures and a new Bayesian model of the $\beta$-decay spectrum, we assess a high-precision $\beta$-decay experiment's sensitivity to the neutrino mass scale and ordering, for one assumed design scenario. We find that such an experiment could measure the el…
A New Calibration Equation for Diviner2000 Capacitance Probe Accounting for Soil Shrinkage Characteristic Curve and Estimation of Parameters on the B…
2014
Real-time measurements of soil water status are quite often used for irrigation scheduling and particularly in precision irrigation, in order to identify the exact timing and amount to supply to crops according to their water requirements. Diviner2000 capacitance probes, measuring the apparent soil dielectric permittivity, have been extensively used in the last decade. Several studies have shown that, for different soils, there is a relationship between the volumetric soil water content (SWC) and the scaled frequency (SF) measured by the sensor. However, for swelling/shrinking clay soils, for which bulk density changes with soil water content, there is a lack of knowledge on how these varia…
Multidisciplinary approach for outcropping and subsurface Permian-Cenozoic deepwater carbonates (Central Sicily): outcome for paleogeography of the S…
2016
An integrated stratigraphic study of the outcropping and buried Permian-Cenozoic deep-water carbonate successions have been performed. These successions form some of the tectonic units, mostly buried beneath the Late Neogene sedimentary cover, in the fold and thrust belt of Central Sicily. Three main successions, pertaining to the well known Lercara, Imerese and Sicanian domains, have been reconstructed on the basis of a detailed facies analysis, seismostratigraphic interpretation, biostratigraphy (mostly based on palynological data) and comparison between outcropping and subsurface deep-water sediments. The main results reveal a continuous sedimentation of the deep-water Southern Tethyan S…
Can uncertainty in flood hazard estimation be reduced by using high detailed topographic data for floodplain modelling?
2011
Floods are considered the most frequent natural disaster world-wide and may have serious socio economic impacts in a community. In order to accomplish flood risk mitigation, flood risk analysis and assessment are required to provide information on current or future flood hazard and risks. Hazard and risk maps involve different data, expertise and effort, depending also on the end-users. More or less advanced deterministic approaches can be used, but intuitively probabilistic approaches seem to be more correct and suited for modelling flood inundation given typical uncertainties. Two very important matters remain open for research: the calibration of hydraulic models (oriented towards the es…
Global sensitivity analysis in integrated water quality modelling: an application to a real case study
2012
The increasing sensitivity towards water quality environmental issues led to the setting up of water quality integrated modelling approaches and the definition of water quality criteria that better represent the receiving water body quality status. More specifically, compared to the past, the tendency today is to design and manage the whole integrated urban drainage system, i.e. , wastewater treatment plant and receiving water body (RWB) considering each component not separately but jointly. Despite the advantages of a holistic approach for the assessment of the RWB quality state there are some limits that may prevent a straightforward application. Indeed, integrated models are generally ch…
Sensitivity analysis: fundamentals
2015
Sensitivity analysis (SA) is a valuable tool to support the use of mathematical models for environmental systems. Local or global SA (namely, LSA and GSA) are performed in order to better understand processes and to select the most influential factors affecting processes. The main objective of this extended abstract is to provide an informed problem statement of the issues surrounding LSA and GSA applications in the environmental water quality modelling field. Specifically, this paper aims at identifying, for the most popular methods, their potential use, the critical issues to be solved and the limits identified in a comprehensive literature review.
A mathematical model for a sequential batch membrane bioreactor pilot plant
2016
A mathematical model to quantify the nitrogen removal for a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been presented in this study. The model has been applied to a pilot plant having a pre-denitrification MBR scheme. The pilot plant was cyclically filled with real saline wastewater according to the fill-draw-batch operation. The model was calibrated by adopting a specific protocol based on extensive field dataset. The Standardized Regression Coefficient (SRC) method was adopted to select the most influential model factors to be calibrated. Results related to the SRC method have shown that model factors of the efficiency of backwashing and the biological factors affecting the soluble microbial products …
Calibration of Speed-Density Relationships for Freeways in Aimsun
2014
The first application of a calibration methodology which uses speed-density relationships in the microsimulation calibration process is described in this article. Traffic patterns were implemented developing speed-density relationships for empirical and simulated data. For empirical relationships reference was made to traffic data observed at A22 Freeway (Italy). Aimsun microscopic traffic simulator software was then used to obtain analogous relationships for a test freeway segment under uncongested traffic conditions. Thus on field conditions were reproduced varying some calibration parameters until a good matching between field and simulation was achieved. The closeness between empirical …
Dynamic Lighting Strategies with Load Modulation Purposes to Reduce Peak Electrical Demand
2018
This paper proposes a study about the feasibility to modulate the indoor artificial lighting, taking into account both achievable energy savings and comfort conditions, in order to reduce lighting electric loads. In particular, it focuses on the possibility, on one hand, to decrease the luminous flux and, on the other hand, to change the Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT), in order to decrease the absorbed power. Moreover, the impact of daylight-linked control systems was considered. Finally, the possibility to combine the different technical solutions was analysed. The paper proposes the definition of daily scheduling referred to lighting energy management, in order to modulate the maximu…