Search results for " CB2"

showing 10 items of 20 documents

Myeloid-Specific Deletion of Diacylglycerol Lipase α Inhibits Atherogenesis in ApoE-Deficient Mice

2016

BACKGROUND:The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a known modulator of inflammation. Despite its high concentration in vascular tissue, the role of 2-AG in atherogenesis has not yet been examined. METHODS:ApoE-deficient mice were sublethally irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow from mice with a myeloid-specific knockout of the 2-AG synthesising enzyme diacylglycerol lipase α (Dagla) or control bone marrow with an intact 2-AG biosynthesis. After a cholesterol-rich diet for 8 weeks, plaque size and plaque morphology were examined in chimeric mice. Circulating inflammatory cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Aortic tissue and plasma levels of endocannabinoids were mea…

0301 basic medicineApolipoprotein Emedicine.medical_specialtyMyeloidDiacylglycerol lipaselcsh:MedicineInflammationBlood Pressure030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyReceptor Cannabinoid CB203 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineApolipoproteins EHeart RateSuperoxidesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsMyeloid Cellslcsh:ScienceReceptorVascular tissueMice KnockoutLipoprotein lipaseMultidisciplinarybiologyMacrophageslcsh:RAtherosclerosisEndocannabinoid systemPlaque AtheroscleroticLipoprotein Lipase030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyBiochemistrybiology.proteinlcsh:Qlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Cannabinoid receptor expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Effectiveness of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol inhibiting cell proliferation an…

2020

Background/Objective Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop resistance to antitumor agents by mechanisms that involve the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This necessitates the development of new complementary drugs, e.g., cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) agonists including tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). The combined use of THC and CBD confers greater benefits, as CBD enhances the effects of THC and reduces its psychotropic activity. We assessed the relationship between the expression levels of CB1 and CB2 to the clinical features of a cohort of patients with NSCLC, and the effect of THC and CBD (individually and in combination) on prolifer…

0301 basic medicineMaleCannabinoid receptorLung NeoplasmsPulmonologymedicine.medical_treatmentGene ExpressionBiochemistryLung and Intrathoracic TumorsReceptor Cannabinoid CB20302 clinical medicineContractile ProteinsReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Epidermal growth factorCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungMedicine and Health SciencesCannabidiolDronabinolAged 80 and overMultidisciplinaryChemistryQRDrugsMiddle AgedCancer Cell MigrationCell MotilityOncologyCell Processes030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Femalemedicine.drugResearch ArticleAdultEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionScienceChronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseCell Migration03 medical and health sciencesCell Line Tumormental disordersmedicineGeneticsHumansEpithelial–mesenchymal transitionTetrahydrocannabinolCell ProliferationAgedA549 cellPharmacologyCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsPsychotropic DrugsCell growthCannabinoidsorganic chemicalsCancers and NeoplasmsBiology and Life SciencesProteinsCell Biologydigestive system diseasesActinsrespiratory tract diseasesNon-Small Cell Lung CancerCytoskeletal Proteins030104 developmental biologyA549 CellsCancer researchCannabinoidCannabidiolDevelopmental BiologyPLoS ONE
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Pharmacological activation of CB2 receptors counteracts the deleterious effect of ethanol on cell proliferation in the main neurogenic zones of the a…

2015

Chronic alcohol exposure reduces endocannabinoid activity and disrupts adult neurogenesis in rodents, which results in structural and functional alterations. Cannabinoid receptor agonists promote adult neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation. We evaluated the protective effects of the selective CB1 receptor agonist ACEA, the selective CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 and the fatty-acid amide-hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which enhances endocannabinoid receptor activity, on NPC proliferation in rats with forced consumption of ethanol (10%) or sucrose liquid diets for 2 weeks. We performed immunohistochemical and stereological analyses of cells expressing the mitotic phosphorylation of his…

:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Growth and Development::Morphogenesis::Embryonic and Fetal Development::Organogenesis::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]CB1 receptorTubulina (proteína)Cannabinoid receptorCarbamatosEtanol:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nuclear Proteins::Histones [Medical Subject Headings]Ventrículos lateralesSacarosaNeuronasSubgranular zone0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]Histonas:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Receptor cannabinoide CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Phosphorylation [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Cells::Stem Cells::Neural Stem Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neurons [Medical Subject Headings]health care economics and organizations:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Cerebral Ventricles::Lateral Ventricles [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]0303 health sciencesAlcoholismoalcoholConsumo de alcoholNeurogenesis:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype::Genetic Markers [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators::Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists [Medical Subject Headings]Benzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB2 [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid system3. Good healthbromodesoxiuridinaneurogenesisEndocannabinoidesmedicine.anatomical_structure:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]ACEADietaAlcoholFosforilaciónAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyHidrolasasmedicine.drug_classNeurogenesiseducation:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Substance-Related Disorders::Alcohol-Related Disorders::Alcoholism [Medical Subject Headings]Subventricular zoneBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Cerebral Cortex::Hippocampus::Dentate Gyrus [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRatasInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nerve Tissue Proteins::Tubulin [Medical Subject Headings]JWH133medicineGiro dentadolcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyCélulas madre nerviosas:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Dentate gyrusmarcadores genéticosCB2 receptor:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Oligosaccharides::Disaccharides::Sucrose [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Diencephalon::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Alcohols::Ethanol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocrinology:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]nervous system:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHipotálamoNeuroscience
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The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment.

2011

Background: Cannabinoids are known to reduce intestinal inflammation. Atypical cannabinoids produce pharmacological effects via unidentified targets. We were interested in whether the atypical cannabinoid O-1602, reportedly an agonist of the putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55, reduces disease severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6N and CD1 mice. Methods: DSS (2.5% and 4%) was supplied in drinking water for 1 week while TNBS (4 mg) was applied as a single intrarectal bolus. Results: Both treatments caused severe colitis. Injection of O-1602 (5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) significantly reduced macroscopic and histological col…

AgonistMaleCannabinoid receptormedicine.drug_classColonNeutrophilsmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacologyMotor ActivityInflammatory bowel diseaseArticleReceptors G-Protein-CoupledReceptor Cannabinoid CB2chemistry.chemical_compoundMiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1CyclohexanesmedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsCannabidiolColitisReceptorReceptors CannabinoidPeroxidaseMice KnockoutAnalysis of VarianceO-1602business.industryCannabinoidsDextran SulfateGastroenterologyResorcinolsmedicine.diseaseColitisMice Inbred C57BLChemotaxis LeukocyteDisease Models AnimalchemistryGPR55Neutrophil InfiltrationTrinitrobenzenesulfonic AcidImmunologylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CannabinoidbusinessInflammatory bowel diseases
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Role of CB2 receptors and cGMP pathway on the cannabinoid-dependent antiepileptic effects in an in vivo model of partial epilepsy.

2014

This study aimed at providing an insight on the possible role of cannabi-noid (CB) type 2 receptors (CB2R) and cGMP pathway in the antiepileptic activity ofWIN 55,212-2, (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl) pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-Yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone, a non-selective CB agonist, in the maximal dentate activation (MDA) model of partial epilepsy in adult male rats. We evaluated the activity of a CB2 antagonist/inverse agonist AM630, [6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl](4-methoxyphenyl)methanone or 6-iodopravadoline, alone or in co-administration with WIN 55,212-2. Also, in the MDA model it was investigated the co-treatment of WIN55,212…

AgonistMaleIndolessGCmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentMorpholinesPharmacologyNaphthalenesSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaHippocampusNitric oxideReceptor Cannabinoid CB2chemistry.chemical_compoundHippocampumedicineCannabinoid receptor type 2Inverse agonistAnimalsRats WistarReceptorCannabinoidCannabinoid Receptor AntagonistsCyclic GMPCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsElectrophysiology.ChemistryAntagonistElectric StimulationBenzoxazinesDisease Models AnimalNeurologyGuanylate CyclaseAnticonvulsantsNeurology (clinical)CannabinoidEpilepsies PartialSoluble guanylyl cyclaseTemporal Lobe Epilepsy AM630Epilepsy research
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Cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation modulates spontaneous contractile activity in mouse ileal longitudinal muscle.

2007

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether cannabinoid receptor agonists influence spontaneous contractile activity of longitudinal muscle in mouse ileum in vitro. Isolated segments of mouse ileum displayed spontaneous contractions with an amplitude and frequency of about 300 mg and 30 cpm, respectively. The endocannabinoid anandamide (1-100 microM), the selective cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist, ACEA (0.1 microM-10 microM), but not the selective cannabinoid CB(2) receptor agonist, JWH 133 (0.1 microM-10 microM), reduced in a concentration-dependent manner the spontaneous mechanical activity. The inhibitory effect consisted in a decrease of the mean amplitude of longitudinal…

AtropineMaleAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyCB1 receptorIndolesCannabinoid receptorPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentMouse ileumArachidonic AcidsTetrodotoxinIn Vitro TechniquesDepolarization-induced suppression of inhibitionHexamethoniumReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1IleumInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsCannabinoidPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsChemistryMuscle SmoothCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsReceptor antagonistEndocannabinoid systemAcetylcholineMice Inbred C57BLNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterEndocrinologyApaminJWH-133PyrazolesCannabinoidRimonabantSpontaneous mechanical activityEndocannabinoidsMuscle Contraction
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Evidence for a modulatory role of cannabinoids on the excitatory NANC neurotransmission in mouse colon

2007

Abstract It is well accepted that endogenous cannabinoids and CB1 receptors are involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility and intestinal motility, through a mechanism mainly related to reduction of acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve endings. Because, few data exist on a possible modulatory action of the cannabinoid agents on the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the NANC responses elicited by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the circular muscle of mouse proximal colon. Colonic contractions were monitored as changes in endoluminal…

CB1 receptorIndolesCannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatmentSynaptic TransmissionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid receptor type 2musculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyAnandamideSmooth muscle contractionRimonabantAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyColonPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classMorpholinesNeuromuscular JunctionArachidonic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesTachykininsInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsIntestinal motilitymedicineAnimalsCannabinoidReceptors TachykininPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsNANC relaxationURB597Electric StimulationBenzoxazinesMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyInhibitory Postsynaptic PotentialschemistryPyrazolesNANC contractionCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityEndocannabinoidsPharmacological Research
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The complex modulation of lysosomal degradation pathways by cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2

2015

The two main receptors of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), were described in the early 1990s. Since then, different physiological functions have been revealed that are linked to the activity of these two G-protein-coupled receptors. CB1R and CB2R activities influence signal cascades, which are known to play a role in the regulation of the cellular "self-digestion" process called autophagy. A variety of these signaling pathways are integrated by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) that acts as an inhibitor of autophagy. Others, like AMP-activated protein kinase dependent signaling pathway, are able to bypass mTORC1 to modulate the auto…

Cannabinoid receptorAutophagyContext (language use)General MedicinemTORC1BiologyEndocannabinoid systemGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell biologyReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Receptor Cannabinoid CB1AutophagyAnimalsHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsSignal transductionLysosomesProtein kinase AReceptorLife Sciences
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Apoptosis induced in HepG2 cells by the synthetic cannabinoid WIN: involvement of the transcription factor PPARgamma.

2008

It has recently been shown that cannabinoids induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in different tumour cell lines. In the current study, the effects of WIN 55,212-2 (WIN), a synthetic and potent cannabinoid receptor agonist, are investigated in hepatoma HepG2 cells and a possible signal transduction pathway is proposed. In these cells, WIN induces a clear apoptotic effect which was accompanied by up-regulation of the death-signalling factors Bax, Bcl-X(S), t-Bid and down-regulation of the survival factors survivin, phospho-AKT, Hsp72 and Bcl-2. Moreover, WIN-induced apoptosis is associated with JNK/p38 MAPK pathway activation and mitochondrial depolarisation demonstrated by a cytofluorimet…

Cannabinoid receptorCarcinoma HepatocellularCell SurvivalPyridinesmedicine.medical_treatmentp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesMorpholinesApoptosisBiologyNaphthalenesBiochemistryReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Membrane Microdomainscannabinoids PPARgamma factor apoptosis cancer cellsSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCell Line TumorSurvivinmedicineHumansAnilidesViability assayCannabinoidsLiver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineCell biologyBenzoxazinesPPAR gammaApoptosisCancer cellBenzamidesCannabinoidSignal transductionApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsProtein KinasesSignal TransductionBiochimie
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Direct suppression of CNS autoimmune inflammation via the cannabinoid receptor CB1 on neurons and CB2 on autoreactive T cells.

2007

The cannabinoid system is immunomodulatory and has been targeted as a treatment for the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. Using an animal model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we investigated the role of the CB(1) and CB(2) cannabinoid receptors in regulating CNS autoimmunity. We found that CB(1) receptor expression by neurons, but not T cells, was required for cannabinoid-mediated EAE suppression. In contrast, CB(2) receptor expression by encephalitogenic T cells was critical for controlling inflammation associated with EAE. CB(2)-deficient T cells in the CNS during EAE exhibited reduced levels of apoptosis, a higher…

Central Nervous SystemCannabinoid receptorEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune Experimentalmedicine.medical_treatmentEncephalomyelitisT-LymphocytesInflammationApoptosisMice TransgenicBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyReceptor Cannabinoid CB2MiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1medicineCannabinoid receptor type 2AnimalsCell ProliferationDNA PrimersAutoimmune diseaseNeuronsExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseEndocannabinoid systemImmunohistochemistryImmunologyEncephalitislipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Cannabinoidmedicine.symptomNature medicine
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