Search results for " CLOCK"
showing 10 items of 182 documents
Biological clocks and physical functioning in monozygotic female twins
2018
Background Biomarkers of biological aging – DNA methylation age (DNAm age) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL)– correlate strongly with chronological age across the life course. It is, however, unclear how these measures of cellular wear and tear are associated with muscle strength and functional capacity, which are known to decline with older age and are associated with mortality. We investigated if DNAm age and LTL were associated with body composition and physical functioning by examining 48 monozygotic twin sisters. Methods White blood cell DNAm age (predicted years) was calculated from Illumina 450 k BeadChip methylation data using an online calculator. DNAm age acceleration was define…
Genome-wide association studies identify 137 genetic loci for DNA methylation biomarkers of aging
2021
Abstract Background Biological aging estimators derived from DNA methylation data are heritable and correlate with morbidity and mortality. Consequently, identification of genetic and environmental contributors to the variation in these measures in populations has become a major goal in the field. Results Leveraging DNA methylation and SNP data from more than 40,000 individuals, we identify 137 genome-wide significant loci, of which 113 are novel, from genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of four epigenetic clocks and epigenetic surrogate markers for granulocyte proportions and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels, respectively. We find evidence for shared genetic loci ass…
La evolución en los tribunales: aplicaciones forenses de las filogenias moleculares
2013
En las dos últimas décadas se ha generalizado el uso de pruebas genéticas en los tribunales, permitiendo la identificación de criminales a partir de restos biológicos, la determinación de paternidades o la identificación de cadáveres. Menos conocidas son las periciales basadas en el uso de filogenias moleculares. En ellas se estudia la ancestralidad común de organismos, normalmente virus o bacterias, para establecer su asociación a una fuente de infección. Desde el caso del dentista de Florida, que infectó con el VIH a varios de sus pacientes, hasta el más próximo del anestesista Juan Maeso, que transmitió el VHC a cerca de 300 pacientes, la teoría evolutiva tiene un papel esencial en estas…
Production and detection of atomic hexadecapole at Earth's magnetic field
2007
Anisotropy of atomic states is characterized by population differences and coherences between Zeeman sublevels. It can be efficiently created and probed via resonant interactions with light, the technique which is at the heart of modern atomic clocks and magnetometers. Recently, nonlinear magneto-optical techniques have been developed for selective production and detection of higher polarization moments, hexadecapole and hexacontatetrapole, in the ground states of the alkali atoms. Extension of these techniques into the range of geomagnetic fields is important for practical applications. This is because hexadecapole polarization corresponding to the $\Delta M=4$ Zeeman coherence, with maxim…
Temporal aspects of copper homeostasis and its crosstalk with hormones
2015
To cope with the dual nature of copper as being essential and toxic for cells, plants temporarily adapt the expression of copper homeostasis components to assure its delivery to cuproproteins while avoiding the interference of potential oxidative damage derived from both copper uptake and photosynthetic reactions during light hours. The circadian clock participates in the temporal organization of coordination of plant nutrition adapting metabolic responses to the daily oscillations. This timely control improves plant fitness and reproduction and holds biotechnological potential to drive increased crop yields. Hormonal pathways, including those of abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, auxin…
Comparison of global responses to mild deficiency and excess copper levels in Arabidopsis seedlings
2013
[EN] Copper is an essential micronutrient in higher plants, but it is toxic in excess. The fine adjustments required to fit copper nutritional demands for optimal growth are illustrated by the diverse, severe symptoms resulting from copper deficiency and excess. Here, a differential transcriptomic analysis was done between Arabidopsis thaliana plants suffering from mild copper deficiency and those with a slight copper excess. The effects on the genes encoding cuproproteins or copper homeostasis factors were included in a CuAt database, which was organised to collect additional information and connections to other databases. The categories overrepresented under copper deficiency and copper e…
Spectroscopic analysis used to uncover the original paint colour of the Helsinki Government Palace tower clock faces
2016
The paint stratigraphy of the two clock faces from the tower clock of the Government Palace in Helsinki (Finland) was analysed in order to determine their original colour before restoration works. Paint cross-section samples from both clock faces were analysed by confocal Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled to an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The results revealed the complex superimposition of paint layers applied over the original black colour. FTIR/ATR analyses proved that the original paint was prepared with linseed oil-resin media. Most likely not all of the different layer colours were visible. Some of the layers were likely to have been a primer…
A molecular phylogeny of bullfinches Pyrrhula Brisson, 1760 (Aves: Fringillidae)
2011
Abstract We present a molecular phylogeny of bullfinches (Pyrrhula Brisson, 1760) based on 2357 bp DNA sequence information of mitochondrial genes (cyt-b, 16S rRNA) and nuclear introns (fib-7, GAPDH-11). The genus is clearly a monophyletic group. Within the limits of Pyrrhula, molecular methods support the subdivision of three main groups: (1) “Southeast-Asian bullfinches” (P. nipalensis and P. leucogenis), (2) “Himalayan bullfinches” (P. aurantiaca, P. erythaca, P. erythrocephala), and (3) “Eurasian bullfinches” (P. pyrrhula s.l.). Within the last group there are four different subgroups: (3a) P. (p.) murina, (3b) P. (p.) cineracea, (3c) P. (p.) griseiventris, and (3d) P. pyrrhula s.str. T…
Radio emissions from double RHESSI TGFs
2016
Abstract A detailed analysis of Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) is performed in association with World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) sources and very low frequency (VLF) sferics recorded at Duke University. RHESSI clock offset is evaluated and found to experience changes on the 5 August 2005 and 21 October 2013, based on the analysis of TGF‐WWLLN matches. The clock offsets were found for all three periods of observations with standard deviations less than 100 μs. This result opens the possibility for the precise comparative analyses of RHESSI TGFs with the other types of data (WWLLN, radio measurements, etc.) In ca…
Origin and age of Australian Chenopodiaceae
2005
Abstract We studied the age, origins, and possible routes of colonization of the Australian Chenopodiaceae. Using a previously published rbc L phylogeny of the Amaranthaceae–Chenopodiaceae alliance (Kadereit et al. 2003) and new ITS phylogenies of the Camphorosmeae and Salicornieae, we conclude that Australia has been reached in at least nine independent colonization events: four in the Chenopodioideae, two in the Salicornieae, and one each in the Camphorosmeae, Suaedeae, and Salsoleae. Where feasible, we used molecular clock estimates to date the ages of the respective lineages. The two oldest lineages both belong to the Chenopodioideae ( Scleroblitum and Chenopodium sect. Orthosporum / Dy…